Ngokwengxelo yeMarket Observatory for Energy DG Energy, ubhubhane we-COVID-19 kunye neemeko zemozulu ezilungileyo zezona zinto zimbini ziphambili ezibangela ukuba kubekho iindlela ezisetyenziswa kwimarike yombane yaseYurophu ngo-2020. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zixhobo zimbini bezingaqhelekanga okanye zingonyaka.
Iindlela eziphambili kwimarike yombane yaseYurophu ziquka:
Ukuncipha kokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kwicandelo lamandla
Ngenxa yokwanda kokuveliswa kwezinto ezivuselelekayo kunye nokwehla kokuveliswa kwamandla asebenzisa amandla e-fossil ngo-2020, icandelo lamandla likwazile ukunciphisa umlinganiselo walo wekhabhoni nge-14% ngo-2020. Ukwehla komlinganiselo wekhabhoni yecandelo ngo-2020 kufana neendlela ezibonwe ngo-2019 xa ukutshintsha ipetroli yayiyeyona nto iphambili emva komkhuba wokususa iikhabhoni.
Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwabaqhubi ngo-2020 bebebalasele okanye bexesha elithile (ubhubhane, ubusika obufudumeleyo, ubushushu obuphezulu).
ukuveliswa kwamanzi). Nangona kunjalo, kulindeleke okwahlukileyo ngo-2021, apho iinyanga zokuqala zika-2021 zinemozulu ebandayo, isantya somoya esiphantsi kunye namaxabiso aphezulu egesi, uphuhliso olubonisa ukuba ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kunye nokuqina kwecandelo lamandla kunokunyuka.
I-European Union ijonge ekususeni ngokupheleleyo i-carbon dioxide kwicandelo layo lamandla ngo-2050 ngokwazisa imigaqo-nkqubo exhasayo efana ne-EU Emissions Trading Scheme, i-Renewable Energy Directive kunye nomthetho ojongene nokukhutshwa komoya ongcolileyo ovela kwiindawo zoshishino.
Ngokutsho kwe-European Environment Agency, iYurophu yehlise ngesiqingatha ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kwicandelo layo lamandla ngo-2019 ukusuka kumanqanaba ka-1990.
Utshintsho ekusetyenzisweni kwamandla
Ukusetyenziswa kombane kwi-EU kwehle nge--4% njengoko uninzi lwamashishini lungazange lusebenze ngokupheleleyo kwisiqingatha sokuqala sowama-2020. Nangona uninzi lwabemi be-EU beluhlala emakhaya, nto leyo ethetha ukwanda kokusetyenziswa kwamandla kwiindawo zokuhlala, ukunyuka kwemfuno yamakhaya akukwazanga ukubuyisela umva ukuwa kwamanye amacandelo oqoqosho.
Nangona kunjalo, njengoko amazwe ehlaziya imiqathango ye-COVID-19, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngexesha lekota yesi-4 bekusondele "kumanqanaba aqhelekileyo" kunakwiikota ezintathu zokuqala zika-2020.
Ukwanda kokusetyenziswa kwamandla kwikota yesine ka-2020 nako bekubangelwa kukubanda kwamaqondo obushushu xa kuthelekiswa nowama-2019.
Ukwanda kwemfuno yee-EV
Njengoko ukufakelwa kombane kwinkqubo yezothutho kusanda, imfuno yezithuthi zombane inyukile ngo-2020 kunye nobhaliso olutsha oluphantse lube sisiqingatha sesigidi kwikota yesine ka-2020. Eli yayilinani eliphezulu kakhulu kwirekhodi kwaye laguqulelwa kwisabelo semarike esingazange sibonwe ngaphambili se-17%, ngaphezulu ngokuphindwe kabini kuneseTshayina kwaye ngaphezulu ngokuphindwe kathandathu kunese-United States.
Nangona kunjalo, i-European Environment Agency (EEA) ithi ubhaliso lweemoto ze-EV beluphantsi ngo-2020 xa kuthelekiswa no-2019. I-EEA ithi ngo-2019, ubhaliso lweemoto zombane belusondele kwiiyunithi ezingama-550 000, lufikelele kwiiyunithi ezingama-300 000 ngo-2018.
Utshintsho kumxube wamandla kulo mmandla kunye nokwanda kokuveliswa kwamandla avuselelekayo
Ingxelo ithi ulwakhiwo lomxube wamandla kulo mmandla lutshintshe ngo-2020.
Ngenxa yemozulu entle, ukuveliswa kwamandla ngamanzi bekuphezulu kakhulu kwaye iYurophu yakwazi ukwandisa ipotifoliyo yayo yokuveliswa kwamandla avuselelekayo kangangokuba amandla avuselelekayo (39%) adlule isabelo samafutha efosili (36%) okokuqala ngqa kumxube wamandla we-EU.
Ukwanda kokuveliswa kwamandla avuselelekayo kuncediswe kakhulu kukongezwa kwamandla elanga nomoya angama-29 GW ngo-2020, nto leyo ethelekiswa namanqanaba ka-2019. Nangona kuphazamise uthungelwano lobonelelo lomoya namandla elanga nto leyo ebangele ukulibaziseka kweprojekthi, ubhubhane awuzange ulibazise kakhulu ukwandiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo.
Enyanisweni, ukuveliswa kwamandla amalahle kunye ne-lignite kwehle nge-22% (-87 TWh) kwaye imveliso yenyukliya yehla nge-11% (-79 TWh). Kwelinye icala, ukuveliswa kwamandla egesi akuzange kuchaphazeleke kakhulu ngenxa yamaxabiso amahle anyuse utshintsho olusuka kumalahle ukuya kwigesi kunye ne-lignite ukuya kwigesi.
Ukuyeka ukusebenza kwamandla amalahle kuyaqina
Njengoko imbono yetekhnoloji esebenzisa ungcoliseko oluphezulu iya isiba mandundu kwaye amaxabiso ekhabhoni enyuka, kuye kwabhengezwa ukuba abantu abaninzi abasebenzisa amalahle bayayeka ukusebenza kwangethuba. Kulindeleke ukuba iinkampani ezisebenzela eYurophu ziqhubeke nokutshintsha ukusuka ekuveliseni amandla amalahle phantsi kwemizamo yokuhlangabezana neenjongo ezingqongqo zokunciphisa ungcoliseko lwekhabhoni kwaye njengoko zizama ukuzilungiselela iimodeli zoshishino zexesha elizayo ezilindele ukuba zixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwikhabhoni ephantsi.
Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso ombane ngobuninzi
Kwiinyanga zakutshanje, izibonelelo zokukhupha umbane ezibiza kakhulu, kunye nokunyuka kwamaxabiso egesi, kunyuse amaxabiso ombane ngobuninzi kwiimarike ezininzi zaseYurophu ukuya kumanqanaba abonwe okokugqibela ekuqaleni kuka-2019. Isiphumo sibonakale kakhulu kumazwe axhomekeke kumalahle nakwi-lignite. Ukuguquguquka kwamaxabiso ombane ngobuninzi kulindeleke ukuba kudlulele kumaxabiso okuthengisa.
Ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kwentengiso kwicandelo leemoto ze-EV kuhambisane nokwanda kweziseko zokutshaja. Inani leendawo zokutshaja ezinamandla aphezulu kwi-100 km nganye yeendlela ezinkulu linyuke ukusuka kwi-12 ukuya kwi-20 ngo-2020.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Juni-01-2021