Malinga ndi lipoti la Market Observatory for Energy DG Energy, mliri wa COVID-19 komanso nyengo yabwino ndi zinthu ziwiri zazikulu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zisinthe pamsika wamagetsi ku Europe mu 2020. Komabe, zinthu ziwirizi zinali zapadera kapena zanyengo.
Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zikuchitika pamsika wamagetsi ku Europe ndi izi:
Kuchepa kwa mpweya woipa wa carbon m'gawo lamagetsi
Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kupanga zinthu zongowonjezwdwa komanso kuchepa kwa kupanga magetsi pogwiritsa ntchito mafuta opangidwa ndi zinthu zakale mu 2020, gawo lamagetsi lidatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mpweya woipa womwe umapezeka m'derali ndi 14% mu 2020. Kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa mpweya woipa womwe umapezeka m'derali mu 2020 kuli kofanana ndi zomwe zidachitika mu 2019 pomwe kusinthana kwa mafuta kunali chifukwa chachikulu cha kusintha kwa mpweya woipa.
Komabe, oyendetsa ambiri mu 2020 anali abwino kwambiri kapena a nyengo (mliri, nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwambiri).
kupanga madzi). Komabe, zosiyana ndi izi zikuyembekezeka mu 2021, pomwe miyezi yoyamba ya 2021 idzakhala yozizira pang'ono, liwiro lotsika la mphepo komanso mitengo yokwera ya gasi, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti mpweya woipa wa carbon ndi mphamvu ya gawo lamagetsi zitha kukwera.
Bungwe la European Union likufuna kuchotsa mpweya woipa m'mafakitale ake pofika chaka cha 2050 kudzera mu mfundo zothandizira monga EU Emissions Trading Scheme, Renewable Energy Directive ndi malamulo okhudza mpweya woipa wochokera ku mafakitale.
Malinga ndi bungwe la European Environment Agency, Ulaya inachepetsa ndi theka mpweya woipa wa carbon womwe umachokera ku gawo la magetsi mu 2019 kuchokera pamlingo wa 1990.
Kusintha kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka mphamvu
Kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi ku EU kunatsika ndi -4% chifukwa mafakitale ambiri sanagwire ntchito mokwanira mkati mwa theka loyamba la chaka cha 2020. Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri okhala mu EU anakhalabe panyumba, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu m'nyumba kunawonjezeka, kufunikira kwa mabanja sikungasinthe kutsika kwa magawo ena azachuma.
Komabe, pamene mayiko adakonzanso zoletsa za COVID-19, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu mu kotala lachinayi kunali pafupi ndi "milingo yabwinobwino" kuposa kotala zitatu zoyambirira za 2020.
Kuwonjezeka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu mu kotala lachinayi la 2020 kunabweranso chifukwa cha kutentha kozizira poyerekeza ndi chaka cha 2019.
Kuwonjezeka kwa kufunikira kwa magalimoto amagetsi (EV)
Pamene magetsi a dongosolo loyendera akuchulukirachulukira, kufunikira kwa magalimoto amagetsi kunawonjezeka mu 2020 ndi kulembetsa kwatsopano pafupifupi theka la miliyoni mu kotala lachinayi la 2020. Ichi chinali chiwerengero chapamwamba kwambiri chomwe chalembedwa ndipo chinamasuliridwa kukhala gawo la msika lomwe silinachitikepo la 17%, lokwera kuposa kawiri kuposa ku China komanso lokwera kasanu ndi kamodzi kuposa ku United States.
Komabe, bungwe la European Environment Agency (EEA) likunena kuti kulembetsa magalimoto amagetsi kunali kotsika mu 2020 poyerekeza ndi mu 2019. EEA ikunena kuti mu 2019, kulembetsa magalimoto amagetsi kunali pafupifupi mayunitsi 550,000, ndipo kunafika mayunitsi 300,000 mu 2018.
Kusintha kwa mphamvu m'chigawochi komanso kuwonjezeka kwa kupanga mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso
Malinga ndi lipotilo, kapangidwe ka mphamvu m'chigawochi kanasintha mu 2020.
Chifukwa cha nyengo yabwino, kupanga mphamvu zamagetsi pogwiritsa ntchito madzi kunali kwakukulu kwambiri ndipo Europe inatha kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito kotero kuti mphamvu zamagetsi zongowonjezedwanso (39%) zinaposa gawo la mafuta opangidwa ndi zinthu zakale (36%) koyamba mu EU.
Kuwonjezeka kwa kupanga mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa kunathandizidwa kwambiri ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi mphepo ya 29 GW mu 2020, zomwe zikufanana ndi kuchuluka kwa 2019. Ngakhale kuti kusokoneza unyolo wopereka mphamvu ya mphepo ndi dzuwa zomwe zinapangitsa kuti mapulojekiti achedwe, mliriwu sunachedwetse kwambiri kukula kwa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa.
Ndipotu, kupanga mphamvu ya malasha ndi lignite kunatsika ndi 22% (-87 TWh) ndipo mphamvu ya nyukiliya inatsika ndi 11% (-79 TWh). Kumbali ina, kupanga mphamvu ya gasi sikunakhudzidwe kwambiri chifukwa cha mitengo yabwino yomwe inakulitsa kusintha kwa malasha kukhala gasi ndi lignite kukhala gasi.
Kupuma pantchito kwa kupanga mphamvu zamakala kukukulirakulira
Pamene chiyembekezo cha ukadaulo wogwiritsa ntchito mpweya woipa kwambiri chikuipiraipira ndipo mitengo ya mpweya woipa ikukwera, anthu ambiri alengeza kuti nthawi yopuma pantchito ya malasha iyamba msanga. Makampani akuluakulu ku Europe akuyembekezeka kupitiliza kusintha kuchoka pakupanga mphamvu ya malasha chifukwa cha khama lawo lokwaniritsa zolinga zolimba zochepetsera mpweya woipa wa carbon komanso pamene akuyesera kukonzekera mabizinesi amtsogolo omwe akuyembekezera kuti azidalira mpweya woipa kwambiri.
Kukwera kwa mitengo yamagetsi ambiri
M'miyezi yaposachedwa, ndalama zogulitsira mpweya woipa kwambiri, komanso kukwera kwa mitengo ya gasi, zakweza mitengo yamagetsi ambiri m'misika yambiri yaku Europe kufika pamlingo womaliza womwe unawonedwa koyambirira kwa chaka cha 2019. Zotsatira zake zinali zodziwika kwambiri m'maiko omwe amadalira malasha ndi lignite. Kusintha kwa mitengo yamagetsi ambiri kukuyembekezeka kufalikira mpaka pamitengo yogulitsa.
Kukula kwa malonda mwachangu m'gawo la magalimoto amagetsi kunatsagana ndi kukula kwa zomangamanga zochajira. Chiwerengero cha malo ochajira amphamvu kwambiri pa 100 km ya misewu yayikulu chinakwera kuchoka pa 12 kufika pa 20 mu 2020.
Nthawi yotumizira: Juni-01-2021