E ai ki te pūrongo a te Market Observatory for Energy DG Energy, ko te mate urutā COVID-19 me ngā āhuatanga pai o te rangi ngā tino take o ngā au i kitea i roto i te mākete hiko o Ūropi i te tau 2020. Heoi, he mea tino rerekē, he mea ā-wā rānei ēnei take e rua.
Ko ngā ia o te mākete hiko o Ūropi ko:
Te hekenga o ngā tukunga waro o te rāngai hiko
Nā te pikinga ake o te whakaputanga hiko whakahou me te hekenga o te whakaputanga hiko pūmua i te tau 2020, i taea e te rāngai hiko te whakaiti i tōna tapuwae waro mā te 14% i te tau 2020. Ko te hekenga o te tapuwae waro o te rāngai i te tau 2020 he rite ki ngā ia i kitea i te tau 2019 i te wā i ko te whakawhiti wahie te take matua i muri i te ia o te whakakorenga waro.
Heoi, ko te nuinga o ngā taraiwa i te tau 2020 he tino rerekē, he ā-wā rānei (te mate urutā, te hotoke mahana, te teitei
(te whakaputanga wai). Heoi, ko te ritenga kē te mea e matapaetia ana i te tau 2021, ā, i ngā marama tuatahi o te tau 2021 ka mātao te rangi, ka iti ake te tere o te hau, ā, ka piki ake ngā utu penehīni, he whanaketanga e kī ana ka piki ake pea ngā tukunga waro me te kaha o te rāngai hiko.
Kei te whai te Kotahitanga o Ūropi kia tangohia katoatia te waro i roto i tana rāngai hiko i te tau 2050 mā te whakauru i ngā kaupapa here tautoko pēnei i te EU Emissions Trading Scheme, te Renewable Energy Directive me ngā ture e aro ana ki ngā tukunga parahanga hau mai i ngā whakaurunga ahumahi.
E ai ki te Tari Taiao o Ūropi, i whakaitihia e Ūropi te haurua o ngā tukunga waro i roto i tana rāngai hiko i te tau 2019 mai i ngā taumata o te tau 1990.
Ngā huringa o te whakamahinga pūngao
I heke te whakamahinga hiko a te EU mā te -4% i te mea kāore te nuinga o ngā ahumahi i mahi ki te taumata katoa i te haurua tuatahi o te tau 2020. Ahakoa i noho te nuinga o ngā kainoho o te EU ki te kāinga, ko te tikanga he pikinga ake te whakamahinga hiko ā-whare, kāore e taea e te pikinga ake o te tono a ngā whare te whakakore i ngā hekenga i roto i ētahi atu rāngai o te ōhanga.
Heoi, i te whakahoutanga o ngā here COVID-19 e ngā whenua, i tata ake te whakamahinga pūngao i te hauwhā tuawhā ki ngā "taumata noa" i ērā i ngā hauwhā tuatahi e toru o te tau 2020.
Ko te pikinga ake o te whakamahinga pūngao i te hauwhā tuawhā o te tau 2020 i ahu mai anō hoki i te makariri ake o te pāmahana i whakaritea ki te tau 2019.
Te pikinga ake o te hiahia mō ngā EV
I te kaha haere o te whakaurunga hiko ki roto i te pūnaha kawe waka, ka piki ake te hiahia mō ngā waka hiko i te tau 2020 me te tata ki te haurua miriona rēhitatanga hou i te hauwhā tuawhā o te tau 2020. Koinei te tatauranga teitei rawa atu i tuhia, ā, i puta he 17% o te wahanga mākete kāore i kitea i mua, neke atu i te rua ngā wā teitei ake i Haina, ā, e ono ngā wā teitei ake i te Hononga o Amerika.
Heoi, e kī ana te Tari Taiao o Ūropi (EEA) he iti iho ngā rēhitatanga waka hiko i te tau 2020 i whakaritea ki te tau 2019. E ai ki te EEA i te tau 2019, tata ki te 550,000 ngā rēhitatanga waka hiko, ā, i eke ki te 300,000 ngā waeine i te tau 2018.
Ngā panonitanga o te ranunga pūngao o te rohe me te pikinga ake o te whakaputanga pūngao hou
E ai ki te pūrongo, i rerekē te hanganga o te ranunga pūngao o te rohe i te tau 2020.
Nā te pai o ngā āhuatanga o te rangi, i tino teitei te whakaputanga hiko wai, ā, i taea e Ūropi te whakawhānui ake i tana putea whakaputa hiko whakahou, ā, i nui ake ngā hiko whakahou (39%) i te wahanga o ngā wahie pūmua (36%), koinei te wā tuatahi i roto i te ranunga hiko o te EU.
I tino āwhinahia te pikinga ake o te whakaputanga hiko whakahou e te 29 GW o te kaha o te rā me te hau i te tau 2020, he rite tonu ki ngā taumata o te tau 2019. Ahakoa te whakararuraru i ngā mekameka tuku o te hau me te rā, ā, i whakaroahia ngā kaupapa, kāore te mate urutā i tino whakaroa i te horapa o ngā hiko whakahou.
Ina hoki, i heke te whakaputanga pūngao waro me te lignite mā te 22% (-87 TWh) ā, i heke te whakaputanga karihi mā te 11% (-79 TWh). I tētahi atu taha, kāore i tino pāngia te whakaputanga pūngao hau nā te pai o ngā utu i whakanui ake i te whakawhiti waro-ki-te-hau me te lignite-ki-te-hau.
Kua kaha ake te whakamutu i te whakaputanga pūngao waro
I te kino haere o te tirohanga mō ngā hangarau e nui ana te tukunga, me te piki haere o ngā utu waro, kua piki haere te maha o ngā whakamutu waro wawe. E matapaetia ana ka haere tonu ngā kamupene ratonga hiko i Ūropi ki te neke mai i te whakaputa pūngao waro i raro i ngā mahi ki te whakatutuki i ngā whāinga kaha ki te whakaiti i ngā tukunga waro, me te ngana hoki ki te whakarite i a rātou anō mō ngā tauira pakihi ā muri ake nei e matapaetia ana ka tino whakawhirinaki ki te iti o te waro.
Te pikinga o ngā utu hiko rarawe
I ngā marama tata nei, nā te pikinga ake o ngā utu tukunga hau, me te pikinga ake o ngā utu penehīni, kua piki ake ngā utu hiko rarawe i runga i te maha o ngā mākete Pākehā ki ngā taumata i kitea i te tīmatanga o te tau 2019. I tino kitea te pānga i ngā whenua e whakawhirinaki ana ki te waro me te lignite. E matapaetia ana ka pā te huringa o ngā utu hiko rarawe ki ngā utu hokohoko.
I haere tahi te tere o te tipu o ngā hoko i roto i te rāngai EV me te whānui haere o ngā hanganga utu. I piki ake te maha o ngā pūwāhi utu hiko-rahi mō ia 100 kiromita o ngā huarahi tere mai i te 12 ki te 20 i te tau 2020.
Wā tuku: Pipiri-01-2021