Ubuchwepheshe bamandla asathuthuka buhlonzwa obudinga ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo ukuze kuhlolwe ukusebenza kwabo kokutshalwa kwezimali kwesikhathi eside.
Umgomo uwukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwesisi esibamba ukushisa kanye nomkhakha wamandla njengoba umnikeli omkhulu kunayo yonke emaphakathi nemizamo enohlu olubanzi lobuchwepheshe be-decarbonisation ngokomyalelo wawo.
Ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile obunjengomoya nelanga manje sebuthengiswa kabanzi kodwa ubuchwepheshe obusha bamandla ahlanzekile buyaqhubeka nokuthuthuka futhi buvela.Uma kubhekwa izibopho zokuhlangabezana neSivumelwano SaseParis kanye nengcindezi yokuthola ubuchwepheshe ngaphandle, umbuzo uwukuthi yibaphi kulabo abasafufusa abadinga ukugxila kwe-R&D ukuze banqume amandla abo okutshala imali esikhathi eside.
Unalokhu engqondweni, iKomidi Eliphethe Lezobuchwepheshe Lohlaka Lwe-UN Lokuguquguquka Kwesimo Sezulu (i-UNFCCC) lihlonze ubuchwepheshe obuyisithupha obusafufusa okungenzeka bunikeze izinzuzo emhlabeni wonke futhi lithi budinga ukulethwa emakethe ngokushesha okukhulu.
Lezi zimi kanje.
Ubuchwepheshe bokunikezwa kwamandla okuyisisekelo
I-solar PV entantayo akuwona ubuchwepheshe obusha kodwa ubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu lokulungela ubuchwepheshe obuthengiswa ngokugcwele buhlanganiswa ngezindlela ezintsha, kusho iKomidi.Isibonelo izikebhe eziphansi eziyisicaba kanye nezinhlelo ze-solar PV, okuhlanganisa amaphaneli, ukuhanjiswa kanye nama-inverter.
Izigaba ezimbili zamathuba zikhonjisiwe, okungukuthi lapho indawo yelanga elintantayo izimele yodwa futhi lapho ifakwa kabusha noma yakhiwe ngendawo yokuphehla ugesi ngamanzi njengengxube.I-solar entantayo nayo ingaklanyelwe ukulandelela ngezindleko ezengeziwe ezilinganiselwe kodwa kuze kufike ku-25% wenzuzo eyengeziwe yamandla.
Umoya ovunguzayo unikeza amandla okuxhaphaza izinsiza zamandla omoya ezitholakala emanzini ajule kakhulu kunemibhoshongo yomoya engaguquki yasogwini, ngokuvamile eba semanzini angama-50m noma ngaphansi ukujula, nasezifundeni ezinezitezi eziseduze nogu lolwandle.Inselele enkulu uhlelo lokunamathisela, olunezinhlobo ezimbili zemiklamo eyinhloko ethola ukutshalwa kwezimali, okungaba ngaphansi kwamanzi noma okugxilwe phansi olwandle futhi kokubili okunobuhle nokubi.
IKomidi lithi imiklamo yomoya entantayo ikuleveli ehlukahlukene yokulungela ubuchwepheshe, nama-axis turbines avundlile antantayo athuthuke kakhulu kune-axis turbines eqondile.
Ukunika amandla ubuchwepheshe
I-hydrogen eluhlaza iyisihloko sosuku esinamathuba okusetshenziselwa ukufudumeza, embonini nanjengamafutha.Kodwa-ke, ukuthi i-hydrogen yenziwa kanjani, nokho, ibalulekile kumthelela wayo wokukhipha isisi, kuphawula i-TEC.
Izindleko zincike ezicini ezimbili - ekagesi futhi ngokubaluleke kakhulu lokho kwama-electrolysers, okufanele aqhutshwe umnotho wesilinganiso.
Amabhethri alandelayo angemuva kwemitha kanye nesitoreji sesikali esisetshenziswayo njenge-solid state-lithium-metal ayavela enikeza ukuthuthuka okukhulu okungeyona ingxenye encane kunobuchwepheshe bebhethri obukhona ngokuya ngokuminyana kwamandla, ukuqina kwebhethri nokuphepha, kuyilapho enika amandla izikhathi zokushaja ngokushesha. , kusho iKomidi.
Uma ukukhiqizwa kungalinganiswa ngempumelelo, ukusetshenziswa kwazo kungase kube uguquko, ikakhulukazi emakethe yezimoto, njengoba kunika amandla ukuthuthukiswa kwezimoto zikagesi ezinamabhethri anokuphila konke kanye nebanga lokushayela eliqhathaniswa nezimoto zanamuhla.
Isitoreji samandla ashisayo okushisa noma ukupholisa singalethwa ngezinto eziningi ezahlukene ezinamandla ahlukene okushisa kanye nezindleko, ngokunikela kwakho okukhulu okungenzeka kube ezakhiweni nasezimbonini ezilula, ngokusho kweKomidi.
Amasistimu wamandla okushisa asezindaweni zokuhlala angaba nomthelela omkhulu kakhulu ezindaweni ezibandayo, ezinomswakama ophansi lapho amaphampu okushisa engasebenzi kahle, kuyilapho enye indawo ebalulekile yocwaningo lwesikhathi esizayo isemaketangeni abandayo kanye nesathuthukayo kanye nentsha yezimboni.
Amaphampu okushisa awubuchwepheshe obuzinze kahle, kodwa futhi obukhona lapho izinto ezintsha ziqhubeka zenziwe ezindaweni ezifana neziqandisi ezithuthukisiwe, ama-compressor, izishintshisi zokushisa kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula ukuletha izinzuzo zokusebenza nokusebenza kahle.
Ucwaningo lubonisa ngokungaguquki ukuthi amaphampu okushisa, anikwe amandla kagesi wegesi ebamba ukushisa okuphansi, ayisu eliyinhloko lezidingo zokushisa nokupholisa, kusho iKomidi.
Obunye ubuchwepheshe obusafufusa
Obunye ubuchwepheshe obubuyekeziwe umoya ovela emoyeni kanye namagagasi olwandle, amasistimu okuguqula amandla olwandle namaza olwandle, okungaba semqoka emizamweni yamazwe athile noma izifunda ezithile kodwa kuze kube yilapho izinselelo zecala lobunjiniyela nebhizinisi sezinqotshiwe cishe ngeke zinikeze izinzuzo esikalini somhlaba. , iKomidi liyaphawula.
Obunye ubuchwepheshe obusafufusa obuthakaselwayo yi-bioenergy enokubanjwa kwekhabhoni kanye nesitoreji, esidlula nje esigabeni sokubonisa sibheke ekusetshenzisweni okulinganiselwe kwezohwebo.Ngenxa yezindleko eziphakeme uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela zokunciphisa, ukusetshenziswa kuzodinga ukuqhutshwa ikakhulukazi izinhlelo zenqubomgomo yesimo sezulu, ngokusatshalaliswa komhlaba wangempela okusabalele okungenzeka kuhilele ingxube yezinhlobo ezahlukene zikaphethiloli, izindlela ze-CCS nezimboni eziqondiwe.
—NguJonathan Spencer Jones
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-14-2022