Ikoranabuhanga rigenda ryiyongera rigomba gukenera iterambere ryihuse kugirango risuzume igihe kirekire.
Ikigamijwe ni ukugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere ndetse n’urwego rw’amashanyarazi nk’umuterankunga munini uri hagati y’ibikorwa hamwe n’ikoranabuhanga ryinshi rya decarbonisation abisabwe.
Tekinoroji yibanze nkumuyaga nizuba ubu iracuruzwa cyane ariko ikoranabuhanga rishya ryingufu zisukuye rihora mugutezimbere no kugaragara.Bitewe n’imihigo yo kubahiriza amasezerano y’i Paris hamwe n’igitutu cyo kuvana ikoranabuhanga hanze, ikibazo ni ikihe muri abo bavuka bakeneye icyerekezo cya R&D kugirango bamenye ubushobozi bwabo bwigihe kirekire.
Hamwe n'ibi, Amasezerano y’umuryango w’abibumbye y’imihindagurikire y’ibihe (UNFCCC) Komite Nyobozi y’ikoranabuhanga yerekanye tekinoloji esheshatu zigaragara zishobora gutanga inyungu ku rwego rw’isi kandi ivuga ko zigomba kuzanwa ku isoko vuba bishoboka.
Ibi ni ibi bikurikira.
Ikoranabuhanga ryambere ryo gutanga ingufu
Komite ivuga ko kureremba imirasire y'izuba atari ikoranabuhanga rishya ariko ko ubucuruzi bwo mu rwego rwo hejuru bwateguwe mu rwego rwo hejuru hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga rihuzwa mu buryo bushya.Urugero ni ubwato bwimbere-hasi hamwe na sisitemu ya PV yizuba, harimo panne, ihererekanyabubasha na inverter.
Ibyiciro bibiri byamahirwe byerekanwe, ni ukuvuga iyo izuba rireremba ryumuriro rihagaze ryonyine kandi iyo ryongeye guhindurwa cyangwa ryubatswe hamwe n’amashanyarazi nka Hybrid.Imirasire y'izuba nayo irashobora gushushanywa mugukurikirana ku giciro gito cyiyongereye ariko kugera kuri 25% byongera ingufu.
Umuyaga ureremba utanga ubushobozi bwo gukoresha ingufu z'umuyaga ziboneka mumazi maremare kuruta iminara yumuyaga iturutse hanze, ubusanzwe iba mumazi 50m cyangwa munsi yuburebure, no mubice bifite hafi yinyanja yinyanja.Ikibazo nyamukuru ni uburyo bwa ankoring, hamwe nuburyo bubiri bwibanze bwakira ishoramari, ryaba ryarohamye cyangwa ryometse ku nyanja kandi byombi hamwe nibibi.
Komisiyo ivuga ko ibishushanyo mbonera by'umuyaga bireremba biri mu nzego zitandukanye zitegura ikoranabuhanga, hamwe na turbine ireremba ya horizontal igenda itera imbere kurusha vertical turbine.
Gushoboza ikoranabuhanga
Icyatsi cya hydrogène nicyingenzi cyumunsi hamwe nuburyo bwo gukoresha ubushyuhe, mu nganda ndetse na lisansi.Icyakora, uburyo hydrogène ikorwa, ariko, ni ingenzi cyane ku ngaruka zayo zangiza.
Ibiciro biterwa nibintu bibiri - byamashanyarazi naho cyane cyane ibya electrolysers, bigomba gutwarwa nubukungu bwikigereranyo.
Ibisekuru bizakurikiraho inyuma ya metero hamwe nububiko bwingirakamaro nkibikoresho bikomeye bya lithium-ibyuma bigenda bigaragara bitanga iterambere rinini ridafite aho rihuriye n’ikoranabuhanga rya batiri risanzwe mu bijyanye n’ubucucike bw’ingufu, kuramba kwa batiri n’umutekano, mu gihe kandi rishobora gutuma ibihe byo kwishyurwa byihuse. , Komite ivuga.
Niba umusaruro ushobora gupimwa neza, imikoreshereze yabyo irashobora guhinduka, cyane cyane kumasoko yimodoka, kuko birashobora gutuma iterambere ryimodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zifite bateri zifite ubuzima bwikigihe hamwe n’ibinyabiziga bigenda ugereranije n’ibinyabiziga gakondo byubu.
Kubika ingufu z'ubushyuhe bwo gushyushya cyangwa gukonjesha birashobora gutangwa hamwe nibikoresho byinshi bitandukanye bifite ubushobozi butandukanye bwumuriro nigiciro, uruhare runini rushobora kuba mu nyubako n’inganda zoroheje nkuko Komite ibitangaza.
Sisitemu y’ingufu zumuriro zishobora kugira ingaruka nini cyane mukarere gakonje, nubushyuhe buke aho pompe yubushyuhe idakorwa neza, mugihe ikindi gice cyingenzi cyubushakashatsi buzaza ni mugihugu gitera imbere kandi gishya mu nganda "iminyururu ikonje".
Amapompo ashyushye ni tekinoroji yashizweho neza, ariko kandi ni hamwe aho udushya dukomeje gukorwa mubice nka firigo nziza, compressor, guhanahana ubushyuhe hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura kugirango bizane imikorere ninyungu nziza.
Komite ivuga ko ubushakashatsi buri gihe bwerekana ko pompe z’ubushyuhe zikoreshwa n’amashanyarazi ya gaze y’icyatsi kibisi, ari ingamba z’ibanze zo gushyushya no gukonjesha.
Ubundi buhanga bugenda bugaragara
Ubundi buryo bwikoranabuhanga bwasuzumwe ni umuyaga uva mu kirere hamwe n’umuyaga wo mu nyanja, uburyo bwo guhindura ingufu z’amazi n’amazi yo mu nyanja, ibyo bikaba bishobora kuba ingenzi ku mbaraga z’ibihugu bimwe na bimwe cyangwa uturere ariko kugeza igihe ibibazo by’ubuhanga n’ubucuruzi bikemutse ntibishobora gutanga inyungu ku isi yose , Komite itanga ibisobanuro.
Ubundi buhanga bugenda bushishikazwa ninyungu ni bioenergy hamwe no gufata karubone no kubika, ibyo bikaba bigenda gusa nyuma yicyerekezo cyerekanwe kubucuruzi buke.Bitewe n’ibiciro biri hejuru ugereranije n’ubundi buryo bwo kugabanya ubukana, ubwiyongere bwakagombye guterwa ahanini n’ibikorwa bya politiki y’ikirere, hamwe no kohereza isi ku isi hose bishobora kuba birimo kuvanga ubwoko butandukanye bwa peteroli, uburyo bwa CCS n’inganda zigamije.
—Byakozwe na Jonathan Spencer Jones
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-14-2022