Nyanzvi dzepasi rose dzesimba rezuva dzinokurudzira zvakasimba kuzvipira kuramba kuchikura kwekugadzirwa kwemagetsi ezuva (PV) uye kushandiswa kwesimba repasi rose, vachiti kufungidzira kukura kwemagetsi ezuva pasi rose kwakamirira kubvumirana pane dzimwe nzira dzesimba kana kubuda kwezvishamiso zvetekinoroji munguva yekupedzisira "hazvichave sarudzo."
Kubvumirana kwakaitwa nevatori vechikamu muchikamu chechitaturdTerawatt Workshop gore rapera inotevera fungidziro huru dziri kuramba dzichiwedzera kubva kumapoka akasiyana-siyana pasi rose pamusoro pekudiwa kwePV yakakura kuti ifambise mberi magetsi uye kuderedza magasi anodziya pasi rose. Kugamuchirwa kuri kuramba kuchiwedzera kwetekinoroji yePV kwakaita kuti nyanzvi dzitaure kuti materawatts angangoita makumi manomwe nemashanu kana kupfuura ePV inoshandiswa pasi rose achadiwa panosvika gore ra2050 kuti azadzise zvinangwa zvekubvisa carbonization.
Musangano uyu, wakatungamirwa nevamiriri veNational Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy muGermany, neNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology muJapan, wakaunganidza vatungamiriri vanobva kutenderera pasirese muPV, kubatanidzwa kwegridi, ongororo, uye kuchengetwa kwesimba, kubva kumasangano ekutsvagisa, dzidzo, uye maindasitiri. Musangano wekutanga, muna 2016, wakagadzirisa dambudziko rekusvika materawatts matatu panosvika gore ra2030.
Musangano wegore ra2018 wakakwidza chinangwa ichi zvakanyanya, kusvika pa10 TW panosvika 2030, uye kusvika pakapetwa katatu panosvika 2050. Vatori vechikamu mumusangano iwoyo vakafanotaurawo kuti kugadzirwa kwemagetsi pasi rose kubva kuPV kwaizosvika 1 TW mumakore mashanu anotevera. Muganho iwoyo wakadarika gore rapfuura.
"Tafambira mberi zvikuru, asi zvinangwa zvichada kuti basa rirambe richienderera mberi uye kukurumidziswa," akadaro Nancy Haegel, director weNational Center for Photovoltaics kuNREL. Haegel ndiye munyori mukuru wenyaya itsva iri mujenari.Sainzi, “Photovoltaics paMulti-Terawatt Scale: Kumirira Hakusi Sarudzo.” Vanyori pamwe chete vanomiririra masangano makumi mana nerimwe kubva kunyika gumi neshanu.
"Nguva inokosha, saka zvakakosha kuti tiise zvinangwa zvine chinangwa uye zvinogoneka zvine simba guru," akadaro Martin Keller, director weNREL. "Kwave nekufambira mberi kukuru munyaya yesimba rezuva rinoshandisa photovoltaic, uye ndinoziva kuti tinogona kuita zvakawanda sezvatinoramba tichigadzira zvinhu zvitsva uye tichiita nekukurumidza."
Mwaranzi yezuva inogona kupa simba rakawanda kupfuura zvinodiwa nePasi, asi chikamu chidiki chete ndicho chinoshandiswa. Huwandu hwemagetsi anopihwa pasi rose nePV hwakawedzera zvakanyanya kubva pahuwandu husina kukosha muna 2010 kusvika 4-5% muna 2022.
Mushumo wemusangano wacho wakataura kuti "nguva iri kuramba ichivharika yekutora matanho akaenzana ekuderedza kuburitswa kwemagasi ekupisa pasi rose ukuwo uchizadzisa zvinodiwa nesimba repasi rose mune ramangwana." PV inoonekwa seimwe yesarudzo shoma dzinogona kushandiswa ipapo ipapo kutsiva mafuta efosili. "Njodzi huru mumakore gumi anotevera ingave yekuita fungidziro dzisina kunaka kana zvikanganiso mukuenzanisa kukura kunodiwa muindasitiri yePV, tobva taziva kuti takanganisa zvishoma uye tinofanira kuwedzera kugadzirwa kwezvinhu nekushandiswa kwezvinhu kusvika padanho risingagoneki kana risingagari."
Vanyori vakafanotaura kuti kusvika pachinangwa che75-terawatt kuchawedzera kudiwa kukuru kune vese vagadziri vePV nevesainzi. Semuenzaniso:
- Vagadziri vema "silicon solar panels" vanofanira kuderedza huwandu hwesirivha inoshandiswa kuitira kuti tekinoroji iyi irambe iripo pachiyero che multi-terawatt.
- Indasitiri yePV inofanira kuramba ichikura nechikamu chinosvika 25% pagore mumakore anotevera akakosha.
- Indasitiri iyi inofanira kuramba ichiita zvinhu zvitsva kuti ivandudze kuchengetedzeka kwezvinhu uye kuderedza kukanganiswa kwayo nezvakatipoteredza.
Vatori vechikamu mumusangano vakatiwo tekinoroji yezuva inofanira kugadziriswa kuti igadzirise nharaunda uye itenderere, kunyangwe zvinhu zvekudzokorodza zvisiri mhinduro inoshanda pari zvino yezvinodiwa nezvinhu zvichipiwa sezvo zvinhu zvakaiswa zvishoma kusvika pari zvino zvichienzaniswa nezvinodiwa mumakore makumi maviri anotevera.
Sezvakataurwa nemushumo, chinangwa che75 terawatts yePV yakaiswa "idambudziko guru uye inzira iripo yekufambira mberi. Nhoroondo yazvino uye nzira yatiri kufamba nayo inoratidza kuti zvinogona kuitwa."
NREL ndiyo rabhoritari huru yenyika yeDhipatimendi reSimba reUS rekutsvaga nekuvandudza simba rinogona kushandiswazve uye kushandiswa zvakanaka kwesimba. NREL inoshandirwa neDOE neAlliance for Sustainable Energy LLC.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-26-2023