Imyaka icumi iri imbere ifata imikurire ya PV munzira igana 2050

Ubwumvikane bwagezweho nabitabiriye 3^rdAmahugurwa ya Terawatt umwaka ushize akurikiraho bigenda byiyongera kuva mu matsinda menshi ku isi ku bijyanye no gukenera PV nini yo gutwara amashanyarazi no kugabanya gaze ya parike.Kwiyongera kw’ikoranabuhanga rya PV byatumye abahanga bavuga ko mu mwaka wa 2050 hazakenerwa terawatt 75 cyangwa zirenga za PV zoherejwe ku isi hose kugira ngo intego za decarbonisation zigerweho.

Amahugurwa ayobowe n’abahagarariye Laboratwari y’igihugu y’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu (NREL), Ikigo cya Fraunhofer gishinzwe ingufu z’izuba mu Budage, n’ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga mu buhanga mu Buyapani, cyahuje abayobozi baturutse hirya no hino ku isi muri PV, guhuza imiyoboro, gusesengura, no kubika ingufu, uhereye mubigo byubushakashatsi, amasomo, ninganda.Inama ya mbere, mu 2016, yakemuye ikibazo cyo kugera byibuze terawatt 3 muri 2030.

Inama ya 2018 yatumye intego irushaho kwiyongera, igera kuri TW 10 muri 2030, ndetse ikubye inshuro eshatu ayo mafaranga mu 2050. Abitabiriye ayo mahugurwa kandi bahanuye neza ko amashanyarazi ku isi yose ava muri PV azagera kuri TW 1 mu myaka itanu iri imbere.Urwo rugabano rwarenze umwaka ushize.

Umuyobozi w'ikigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe gufotora amashanyarazi muri NREL, Nancy Haegel yagize ati: "Twateye imbere cyane, ariko intego zizasaba gukomeza akazi no kwihuta."Haegel ni umuyobozi wanditse ingingo nshya mu kinyamakuruUbumenyi, “Photovoltaics kuri Multi-Terawatt Igipimo: Gutegereza ntabwo ari amahitamo.”Abanditsi bahagarariye ibigo 41 byo mu bihugu 15.

Umuyobozi wa NREL, Martin Keller yagize ati: "Igihe ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi, ni ngombwa rero ko dushyiraho intego zikomeye kandi zishobora kugerwaho zigira ingaruka zikomeye."Ati: “Habayeho iterambere ryinshi mu rwego rw'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, kandi nzi ko dushobora kugera kuri byinshi mu gihe dukomeje guhanga udushya no gukora byihutirwa.”

Imirasire y'izuba irashobora gutanga byoroshye imbaraga zirenze zihagije kugirango isi ikenera ingufu, ariko ijanisha rito niryo ryakoreshejwe.Umubare w'amashanyarazi watanzwe ku isi na PV wiyongereye cyane uva ku mubare muto muri 2010 ugera kuri 4-5% muri 2022.

Raporo yavuye muri aya mahugurwa yagaragaje ko “idirishya rigenda rifunga kugira ngo hafatwe ingamba mu rwego rwo kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere mu gihe bikenewe ku isi ingufu zikenewe mu bihe biri imbere.”PV igaragara nkimwe mumahitamo make ashobora guhita akoreshwa mugusimbuza ibicanwa.Yakomeje agira ati: “Ikibazo gikomeye mu myaka icumi iri imbere kwari ugutekereza nabi cyangwa amakosa mu kwerekana iterambere risabwa mu nganda za PV, hanyuma tukamenya ko twatinze ko twibeshye ku ruhande rwo hasi kandi dukeneye kongera inganda no kohereza mu buryo budashoboka cyangwa urwego rudashoboka. ”

Kugera ku ntego ya 75-terawatt, abanditsi bahanuye, bizasaba ibisabwa cyane ku bakora inganda za PV ndetse n’umuryango w’ubumenyi.Urugero:

• Abakora imirasire y'izuba ya silicon bagomba kugabanya ingano ya feza ikoreshwa kugirango ikoranabuhanga rirambe kurwego rwa terawatt nyinshi.
• Inganda za PV zigomba gukomeza gutera imbere ku kigero cya 25% ku mwaka mu myaka itaha.
• Inganda zigomba guhora zihanga udushya kugirango tunoze ibintu birambye kandi bigabanye ibidukikije.

Abitabiriye amahugurwa bavuze kandi ko ikoranabuhanga ry’izuba rigomba gusubirwamo kugira ngo habeho ibidukikije no kuzenguruka, nubwo ibikoresho bitunganyirizwa mu buryo butari igisubizo gifatika mu bukungu muri iki gihe ku byifuzo by’ibikoresho bitewe n’ibikoresho biri hasi kugeza ubu ugereranije n’ibisabwa mu myaka 20 iri imbere.

Nkuko raporo yabigaragaje, intego ya terawatt 75 ya PV yashyizweho “ni ikibazo gikomeye kandi ni inzira iboneka imbere.Amateka ya vuba n'inzira zigezweho byerekana ko bishobora kugerwaho. ”

NREL ni laboratoire y'ibanze ya Minisiteri ishinzwe ingufu muri Amerika ishinzwe ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu n’ubushakashatsi n’iterambere.NREL ikoreshwa na DOE na Alliance for Sustainable Energy LLC.