Izazinzulu zithathe inyathelo ekudalweni kwezixhobo ezinamandla ezisebenzisaimagnethi ukutshaja ngokwenza ikopi yokuqala enamacala amathathu yento eyaziwa ngokuba yi-spin-ice.
Izinto zomkhenkce ezijikelezayo aziqhelekanga kakhulu kuba zineziphene ezibizwa ngokuba yi-single pole yemagnethi.
Ezi magnethi ze-single pole, ezaziwa ngokuba zii-monopole ze-magnetic, azikho kwindalo; xa yonke into ye-magnetic isikiwe kubini, iya kuhlala idala i-magnet entsha ene-north pole ne-south pole.
Kangangamashumi eminyaka izazinzulu bezikhangela kude nakude ubungqina bokuba izinto zenzeka ngokwendaloimagnethi ii-monopoles ngethemba lokuba ekugqibeleni ziza kuhlanganisa amandla asisiseko endalo kwithiyori ebizwa ngokuba yiyo yonke into, zibeke yonke ifiziksi phantsi kophahla olunye.
Nangona kunjalo, kwiminyaka yakutshanje iingcali zefiziksi zikwazile ukuvelisa iinguqulelo zokwenziwa ze-monopole yemagnethi ngokudala izinto ze-spin-ice ezinemilinganiselo emibini.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ezi zakhiwo zibonakalise ngempumelelo i-monopole yemagnethi, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukufumana ifiziksi efanayo xa izinto zigcinwe kwindawo enye. Enyanisweni, yi-geometry ethile ye-three-dimensional ye-spin-ice lattice eyona nto iphambili kubuchule bayo obungaqhelekanga bokudala izakhiwo ezincinci ezilinganisaimagnethiii-monopoles.
Kwisifundo esitsha esipapashwe namhlanje kwiNature Communications, iqela elikhokelwa zizazinzulu kwiYunivesithi yaseCardiff lenze ikopi yokuqala ye-3D yesixhobo se-spin-ice sisebenzisa uhlobo oluntsonkothileyo lokuprinta nokucubungula i-3D.
Iqela lithi itekhnoloji yokuprinta ye-3D ibavumele ukuba balungelelanise ijiyometri ye-spin-ice yokwenziwa, oko kuthetha ukuba banokulawula indlela ii-monopoles zemagnethi ezenziwe ngayo kwaye zishukunyiswa ngayo kwiinkqubo.
Ukukwazi ukulawula iimagnethi ezincinci ze-monopole kwi-3D kunokuvula uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo abathi, ukusuka kwindawo yokugcina iikhompyutha ephuculweyo ukuya ekudalweni kweenethiwekhi zekhompyutha ze-3D ezilinganisa ulwakhiwo lwe-neural lobuchopho bomntu.
“Kangangeminyaka engaphezu kwe-10 izazinzulu bezidala kwaye zifunda nge-spin-ice yokwenziwa kwiinkalo ezimbini. Ngokwandisa ezi nkqubo ukuya kwiinkalo ezintathu, sifumana umfanekiso ochanekileyo ngakumbi we-spin-ice monopole physics kwaye siyakwazi ukufunda impembelelo yomphezulu,” utshilo umbhali okhokelayo uGqr. Sam Ladak waseCardiff University's School of Physics and Astronomy.
"Eli lixesha lokuqala ukuba nabani na akwazi ukwenza ikopi echanekileyo ye-3D ye-spin-ice, ngoyilo, kwi-nanoscale."
I-spin-ice yokwenziwa yenziwe kusetyenziswa iindlela zobugcisa be-nanofabrication ze-3D ezisemgangathweni ophezulu apho ii-nanowires ezincinci zabekwa zibe ziileya ezine kwisakhiwo se-lattice, esinomlinganiselo ongaphantsi kobubanzi beenwele zomntu ngokubanzi.
Uhlobo olukhethekileyo lwe-microscopy olwaziwa ngokuba yi-magnetic force microscopy, olunovelwano kwi-magnetism, lwasetyenziswa ukuze kubonwe imirhumo ye-magnetic ekhoyo kwisixhobo, nto leyo eyavumela iqela ukuba lilandelele intshukumo yee-magnets ezine-single-pole kwisakhiwo se-3D.
“Umsebenzi wethu ubalulekile kuba ubonisa ukuba ubuchwepheshe bokuprinta be-3D obune-nanoscale bunokusetyenziswa ukulinganisa izinto ezidla ngokwenziwa ngekhemistri,” uqhube watsho uGqr. Ladak.
"Ekugqibeleni, lo msebenzi unokubonelela ngendlela yokuvelisa i-metaterials ezintsha zemagnethi, apho iipropati zezinto zilungiswa ngokulawula i-geometry ye-3D ye-lattice yokwenziwa."
"Izixhobo zokugcina izinto ezisebenzisa umbane, ezifana ne-hard disk drive okanye izixhobo zememori yokufikelela ngokungacwangciswanga yemagnethi, yenye indawo enokuthi ichaphazeleke kakhulu yile mpumelelo. Njengoko izixhobo zangoku zisebenzisa kuphela imilinganiselo emibini kwemithathu ekhoyo, oku kunciphisa ubungakanani bolwazi olunokugcinwa. Ekubeni ii-monopoles zinokushukunyiswa zijikeleze i-3D lattice kusetyenziswa intsimi yemagnethi, kunokwenzeka ukwenza isixhobo sokugcina izinto esisebenzisa umbane esisekelwe kwitshaja yemagnethi."
Ixesha lokuthumela: Meyi-28-2021