Iterambere mu miterere ya nanomagnetic ya 3D rishobora guhindura imikorere ya mudasobwa igezweho

Abahanga mu bya siyansi bateye intambwe mu guhanga ibikoresho bikomeye bikoresharukuruzi gusharija binyuze mu gukora kopi ya mbere y'ikintu kizwi nka spin-ice.

Ibikoresho by'urubura bizunguruka ni ibintu bidasanzwe cyane kuko bifite ibyo bita inenge bikora nk'inkingi imwe y'ingufu.

Izi magneti za pole imwe, zizwi kandi nka monopole za magnetic, ntizibaho mu bidukikije; iyo buri gikoresho cya magneti giciwemo kabiri, buri gihe kizarema magneti nshya ifite pole ya ruguru n'iya mu majyepfo.

Mu myaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo abahanga mu bya siyansi bagiye bashakisha kure ibimenyetso by'uko ibintu bibaho mu buryo bw'umwimerererukuruzi monopoles mu cyizere cyo gushyira imbaraga z'ibanze z'ibidukikije mu cyiswe inyigisho ya buri kintu cyose, bigashyira fiziki yose munsi y'inzu imwe.

Ariko, mu myaka ya vuba aha abahanga mu bya fiziki bashoboye gukora verisiyo z’ubukorano za monopole ya rukuruzi binyuze mu gukora ibikoresho by’urubura bifite imiterere ibiri.

Kugeza ubu, izi nyubako zagaragaje neza monopole ya rukuruzi, ariko ntibishoboka kubona fiziki imwe iyo ibikoresho bifungiranye ku murongo umwe. Mu by'ukuri, ni imiterere yihariye y'ibice bitatu bya lattice ya spin-ice ari yo shingiro ry'ubushobozi bwayo budasanzwe bwo kurema inyubako nto ziganarukuruziimiyoboro imwe imwe.

Mu bushakashatsi bushya bwasohotse uyu munsi muri Nature Communications, itsinda riyobowe n'abahanga mu bya siyansi bo muri Kaminuza ya Cardiff bakoze kopi ya mbere ya 3D y'ibikoresho bya spin-ice hakoreshejwe ubwoko bugezweho bwo gucapa no gutunganya 3D.

Itsinda rivuga ko ikoranabuhanga ryo gucapa rya 3D ryabafashije guhindura imiterere y’urubura rw’ubukorano, bivuze ko bashobora kugenzura uburyo imirasire ya rukuruzi ikorwa kandi ikagenda muri sisitemu.

Kubasha gukoresha ingufu nto za monopole muri 3D bishobora gutuma habaho porogaramu nyinshi, kuva ku kubika neza mudasobwa kugeza ku gukora imiyoboro ya 3D isa n'imiterere y'ubwonko bw'umuntu.

“Mu myaka irenga 10 abahanga mu bya siyansi bamaze igihe barema kandi biga ibijyanye na spin-ice y’ubukorano mu buryo bubiri. Mu kwagura ubwo buryo kugeza ku ngero eshatu, tubona ishusho nyayo ya fiziki ya spin-ice monopole kandi dushobora kwiga ingaruka z’ubuso,” ibi ni ibyatangajwe n’umwanditsi mukuru Dr. Sam Ladak wo mu Ishuri rya Fiziki n’Ubumenyi bw’ikirere rya Kaminuza ya Cardiff.

“Ni ubwa mbere umuntu wese yashoboye gukora kopi ya 3D ya spin-ice, binyuze mu buryo bw’igishushanyo mbonera, kuri nanoscale.”

Urubura rw’ubukorano rwakozwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bugezweho bwo gukora uduce duto tw’insinga aho insinga nto zashyizwe mu byiciro bine mu buryo bw’urukiramende, ubwabwo bwari bufite ubugari buri munsi y’ubugari bw’umusatsi w’umuntu muri rusange.

Ubwoko bwihariye bwa mikoroskopi izwi nka mikoroskopi y’imbaraga za magnetic force, ikaba ishobora kwakirwa na magnetism, bwakoreshejwe mu kwerekana imbaraga za magnetic ziri kuri icyo gikoresho, bituma itsinda rishobora gukurikirana ingendo za magneti zifite inkingi imwe mu buryo bwa 3D.

“Akazi kacu ni ingenzi kuko bigaragaza ko ikoranabuhanga rya nanoscale 3D rishobora gukoreshwa mu kwigana ibikoresho bisanzwe bikorwa hifashishijwe shimi,” Dr. Ladak yakomeje agira ati.

"Amaherezo, iki gikorwa gishobora gutanga uburyo bwo gukora metamaterile nshya za rukuruzi, aho imiterere y'ibikoresho itunganywa hakoreshejwe kugenzura imiterere ya 3D y'urukuta rw'ubukorano."

“Ibikoresho byo kubika amakuru bya magnetiki, nka disiki ikomeye cyangwa ibikoresho byo kubika amakuru bya magnetic random, ni ikindi gice gishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kuri iyi ntambwe. Kubera ko ibikoresho bigezweho bikoresha ibipimo bibiri gusa muri bitatu bihari, ibi bigabanya umubare w'amakuru ashobora kubikwa. Kubera ko monopoles zishobora kwimurwa hirya no hino ku rukuta rwa 3D hakoreshejwe imbaraga za magnetiki, birashoboka gukora igikoresho nyacyo cyo kubika amakuru cya 3D gishingiye ku ngufu za magnetiki.”