Izithombe ezishisayo ziyindlela elula yokubona umehluko wokushisa obonakalayo kumasekhethi kagesi wezigaba ezintathu zezimboni, uma kuqhathaniswa nezimo zabo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile.Ngokuhlola umehluko wokushisa wazo zontathu izigaba zilandelana, ochwepheshe bangabona ngokushesha okudidayo ekusebenzeni emilenzeni ngayinye ngenxa yokungalingani noma ukulayishwa ngokweqile.
Ukungalingani kukagesi ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukulayishwa kwezigaba ezihlukene kodwa futhi kungase kube ngenxa yezinkinga zemishini efana noxhumo oluqinile lokumelana.Ukungalingani okuncane kwe-voltage enikezwe injini kuzodala ukungalingani kwamanje okukhudlwana okuzokhiqiza ukushisa okwengeziwe futhi kunciphise i-torque nokusebenza kahle.Ukungalingani okukhulu kungaqhumisa i-fuse noma kukhuphule isinqamuleli esidala isigaba esisodwa kanye nezinkinga ezihambisana nakho njengokushisisa imoto nokulimala.
Empeleni, cishe akunakwenzeka ukulinganisa ngokuphelele ama-voltages ezigabeni ezintathu.Ukusiza abaqhubi bemishini ukuthi banqume amazinga amukelekayo okungalingani, iNational Electrical
I-Manufacturers Association (NEMA) ibhale ukucaciswa kwamadivayisi ahlukene.Lezi zisekelo ziyiphuzu eliwusizo lokuqhathanisa ngesikhathi sokulungiswa nokuxazulula izinkinga.
Yini okufanele uyihlole?
Thwebula izithombe ezishisayo zawo wonke amaphaneli kagesi nezinye izindawo zokuxhuma eziphezulu ezifana namadrayivu, ukunqamula, izilawuli nokunye.Lapho uthola khona amazinga okushisa aphezulu, landela leyo seyingi futhi uhlole amagatsha ahlobene nemithwalo.
Hlola amaphaneli nokunye ukuxhumana namakhava avaliwe.Okufanelekile, kufanele uhlole izinto zikagesi uma sezifudunyezwe futhi zisesimweni esiqinile okungenani ngamaphesenti angama-40 omthwalo ojwayelekile.Ngaleyo ndlela, izilinganiso zingahlolwa kahle futhi ziqhathaniswe nezimo ezivamile zokusebenza.
Yini okufanele uyibheke?
Umthwalo olinganayo kufanele ulingane nezinga lokushisa elilinganayo.Esimeni somthwalo esingalingani, i(izigaba) ezilayishwe kakhulu zizovela zifudumele kunezinye, ngenxa yokushisa okukhiqizwa ukumelana.Kodwa-ke, umthwalo ongalingani, ukulayisha ngokweqile, uxhumano olubi, kanye nenkinga ye-harmonic konke kungakha iphethini efanayo.Kudingeka ukukala umthwalo kagesi ukuze kuhlonzwe inkinga.
Isekhethi epholile kunokujwayelekile noma umlenze ungase ubonise ingxenye ehlulekile.
Kuyinqubo ephusile yokwakha umzila ojwayelekile wokuhlola ohlanganisa zonke izixhumo zikagesi ezibalulekile.Usebenzisa isofthiwe eza nesithombe esishisayo, gcina isithombe ngasinye osithwebulayo kukhompuyutha futhi ulandelele izilinganiso zakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.Ngaleyo ndlela, uzoba nezithombe eziyisisekelo ongaziqhathanisa nezithombe zakamuva.Le nqubo izokusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi indawo eshisayo noma epholile ayijwayelekile yini.Ukulandela isenzo sokulungisa, izithombe ezintsha zizokusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi ukulungiswa kube yimpumelelo.
Yini emele "isixwayiso esibomvu?"
Ukulungisa kufanele kubekwe phambili ngokuphepha kuqala—okungukuthi, izimo zemishini ezibeka engcupheni yokuphepha—kulandelwe ukubaluleka kwemishini kanye nezinga lokushisa elikhuphukayo.I-NETA (InterNational Electrical
Imihlahlandlela ye-Testing Association) iphakamisa ukuthi amazinga okushisa abe mancane njengo-1°C ngaphezu kwe-ambient kanye no-1°C ephakeme kunemishini efanayo elayishayo efanayo angabonisa ukuntuleka okungenzeka okudinga uphenyo.
Izindinganiso ze-NEMA (NEMA MG1-12.45) zixwayisa ngokusebenzisa noma iyiphi injini ngokulinganisa kwamandla kagesi angaphezu kwephesenti elilodwa.Eqinisweni, i-NEMA incoma ukuthi izinjini zehliswe uma zisebenza ngokungalingani okuphezulu.Amaphesenti angalingani aphephile ayahluka kwezinye izisetshenziswa.
Ukuhluleka kwezimoto kuwumphumela ovamile wokungalingani kwe-voltage.Izindleko eziphelele zihlanganisa izindleko zenjini, umsebenzi odingekayo ukuze kushintshwe injini, izindleko zomkhiqizo ezilahliwe ngenxa yokukhiqizwa okungalingani, ukusebenza kolayini kanye nemali engenayo elahlekile ngesikhathi ulayini wehlile.
Izenzo zokulandelela
Uma isithombe esishisayo sibonisa ukuthi i-conductor yonke ifudumele kunezinye izingxenye kuyo yonke ingxenye yesekethe, i-conductor ingaba ngaphansi noma ilayishwe kakhulu.Hlola isilinganiso somqhubi kanye nomthwalo wangempela ukuze unqume ukuthi yikuphi okwenzekayo.Sebenzisa i-multimeter ene-clamp accessory, i-clamp meter noma i-analyzer yekhwalithi yamandla ukuze uhlole ibhalansi yamanje kanye nokulayisha esigabeni ngasinye.
Ngasohlangothini lwe-voltage, hlola ukuvikela kanye ne-switchgear ukuthola ukwehla kwamandla kagesi.Ngokuvamile, amandla kalayini kufanele abe phakathi kuka-10 % wesilinganiso se-nameplate.I-voltage engathathi hlangothi ukuya emhlabathini ingaba yinkomba yokuthi isistimu yakho ilayishwe kakhulu kangakanani noma ingaba inkomba ye-harmonic current.Amandla kagesi aphakathi nendawo angaphezulu kuka-3% wamandla kagesi okuzisholo kufanele aqalise uphenyo olwengeziwe.Futhi cabanga ukuthi imithwalo iyashintsha, futhi isigaba singahle sibe phansi ngokuphawulekayo uma umthwalo omkhulu wesigaba esisodwa uza ku-inthanethi.
Ukwehla kwamandla kagesi kumafuse namaswishi kungabonakala njengokungalingani kumotho kanye nokushisa okudlulele endaweni yenkinga.Ngaphambi kokuthi ucabange ukuthi imbangela itholakele, hlola kabili ngazo zombili izilinganiso zamanje zomfanekiso oshisayo kanye namamitha amaningi noma izilinganiso zamanje zamamitha okubamba.Awekho amasekhethi okuphakelayo noma amagatsha okufanele alayishwe kumkhawulo omkhulu ovunyelwe.
Izibalo zomthwalo wesifunda kufanele futhi zivumele ama-harmonics.Isixazululo esivame kakhulu sokulayisha ngokweqile ukusabalalisa kabusha imithwalo phakathi kwamasekhethi, noma ukuphatha lapho imithwalo ifika phakathi nenqubo.
Ngokusebenzisa isofthiwe ehlotshaniswayo, inkinga ngayinye esolwayo eyembulwa ngesithwebuli esishisayo ingabhalwa embikweni ohlanganisa isithombe esishisayo kanye nesithombe sedijithali sesisetshenziswa.Leyo yindlela engcono kakhulu yokuxhumana nezinkinga nokuphakamisa ukulungisa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-16-2021