Kwi-orchestration enkulu yeegridi zamandla zanamhlanje,Iimitha ezihlakaniphilezime njengezixhobo ezingundoqo, ukuvala umsantsa phakathi kokuhamba kwamandla emveli, kunye nokutshintshatshintsha, ukuhambelana kwamandla omhlaba. Kunokuba zibe zizinto nje ezilingana nedijithali zabanduleli bazo be-analog, ezi zixhobo ziphucukileyo ziindawo ze-nexus zedatha, unxibelelwano kunye nolawulo. Embindini wempumelelo yokusebenza kwawo, esebenza njengokuthuleka, kodwa eyimfuneko, abalamli bokuhamba kwamandla,iireyidi. Ezi zitshintshi ze-electromechanical okanye i-slid-state-state ngababalindi abangasetyenziswanga abaxhobisa iimitha ezihlakaniphile kunye nemisebenzi yazo ebalulekileyo: ulawulo olukude phezu kokunikezelwa kwamandla.
Ukufika kweemitha ezihlakaniphile kuzisa ixesha lokuguqula izinto eziluncedo kunye nabathengi ngokufanayo. Eyona njongo yabo ingundoqo idlulela ngaphaya kokulinganisa nje ukusetyenziswa. AEyona njongo iphambili yemitha ehlakaniphilekukubonelela ngexesha lokwenyani okanye kufutshane ngexesha lokwenyani idatha yokusetyenziswa kwamandla kubo bobabini umboneleli oluncedo kunye nomsebenzisi wokugqibela. Esi sixhobo sonxibelelwano esinamacala amabini senza ukuba kubekho izinto ezininzi eziqhubela phambili: ukufunda imitha ekude, ukuphelisa imfuneko yotyelelo lwezandla; Uhlalutyo oluneenkcukacha losetyenziso lwabathengi ukuba basebenzise ngokupheleleyo ukusetyenziswa kwabo; kwaye, ngokubalulekileyo, ukukwazi kwezixhobo zokulawula ukude udibaniso lwamandla. Kukulo msebenzi wokugqibela, obalulekileyo apho iireyidi zigxininisa ukubaluleka kwazo.
Ziziphi iiRelays kwiiSmart Meters?
Embindini wayo, audluliselosisitshixo esisebenza ngombane. Isebenzisa umsinga wombane omncinci ukulawula umsinga omkhulu kakhulu, okanye ukutshintsha phakathi kweesekethe ezahlukeneyo. Kwiimitha ezihlakaniphile, iirelays ziqhelekileiireyilayi zemagnetic latching. Ngokungafaniyo neereyiyi zemveli ezifuna amandla aqhubekekayo ukugcina imeko yazo etshintshiweyo (inokuba IVULIWE okanye CIMIWE), iireyilayi zemagnethi zinoyilo olulodwa olubavumela ukuba "babambe" kwindawo emva kokufumana i-pulse emfutshane yombane. Oku kuthetha ukuba basebenzisa amandla kuphela ngexesha elifutshane lokutshintsha, ukunciphisa kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okulindile-uphawu olubalulekileyo lwezixhobo ezinjengeemitha ezihlakaniphile ekufuneka zisebenze ngokuqhubekayo iminyaka.
Ezi zixhobo zomelele zidityaniswe ngokuthe ngqo kwimitha ehlakaniphile, zibekwe kwindawo yokudibanisa okanye ukuqhawula ukuhamba kombane kwindawo. Xa i-utility idinga ukudibanisa amandla kumthengi omtsha, ukubuyisela inkonzo, okanye, kwiimeko ezithile, ukuqhawula inkonzo (umzekelo, ngenxa yokungahlawulwa okanye ngexesha likaxakeka), ithumela umqondiso kwi-smart meter. Umbane wangaphakathi wemitha utolika lo mqondiso kwaye, ngokulandelayo, uvule i-relay edibeneyo yokutshintsha umgca wamandla. Lo mdaniso untsonkothileyo wemiqondiso kunye nentshukumo yomatshini igxininisa indima yerelay njengojongano olubonakalayo phakathi kwemiyalelo yedijithali yento eluncedo kunye nokuhamba okubonakalayo kombane.
Iimpawu ezithile zolu dluliselo zibalulekile ekusebenzeni okuthembekileyo kweemitha ezihlakaniphile. Kufuneka babe nakho ukuphatha imithwalo ebalulekileyo yangoku, rhoqo ukusuka kwi-60A ukuya kwi-120A, kwaye kufuneka babe namandla aphezulu e-dielectric ukuze bahlukanise ngokukhuselekileyo iisekethe. Ngaphezu koko, ukukwazi kwabo ukumelana nemisinga yesiphaluka esifutshane ngaphandle kokugcina umonakalo okanye ukubangela ukusilela kwintlekele kubaluleke kakhulu kuzinzo lwegridi kunye nokhuseleko. Ngokomzekelo, uMalio, unikezela ngokusebenza okuphezuluiireyitshi zamagnetic latching kwiimitha ezihlakaniphile, kuquka nokomelela kwaboI-Magnetic Latching Relay(P/N MLLR-2189). Lo mzekelo uqhayisa ngokutshintsha okuphezulu kwe-120A kunye nesakhono esimangalisayo sokumelana neyona ndlela iphezulu yesekethe emfutshane ye-3000A ye-10ms ngaphandle kokungasebenzi kakuhle, kunye ne-6000A ye-10ms ngaphandle kokusilela kwintlekele, igxininisa iimfuno ezingqongqo ezibekwe kula macandelo.
Yintoni uMsebenzi we-Smart Relay?
I-smart relay, nokuba yiyunithi ezimeleyo okanye icandelo elimiliselweyo, linokudibanisa iimpawu ezinje:
• IiProtokholi zoNxibelelwano ezongeziweyo:Ngaphandle kokufumana nje umyalelo olula we-ON/OFF, i-smart relay inokunxibelelana nemeko yayo kwi-utility, iqinisekise ukusebenza ngempumelelo kokutshintsha, okanye inike ingxelo ngedatha yoxilongo malunga nempilo yayo. Olu nxibelelwano lunamacala amabini luguqula utshintshi olwenziwayo lube ngumthathi-nxaxheba osebenzayo kwingxoxo yokusebenza yegridi.
•Ingqiqo eNzululwazi kunye nokuCwangciswa kweNkqubo:Ezinye ii-smart relays zinee-microcontrollers zangaphakathi, ezivumela ingqiqo entsonkothileyo ukuba icwangciswe ngokuthe ngqo kwisixhobo. Oku kunokuvumela ukutshintshwa kwexesha elisekelwe kwixesha, ukuchithwa komthwalo ngokusekelwe kwiimeko zegridi, okanye nokuthatha inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zokuphendula imfuno, apho imithwalo engabalulekanga inqunyulwa okwethutyana ngexesha leemfuno eziphezulu.
•Ukufunyanwa kwempazamo kunye noKhuseleko:I-smart relay inokuyilwa ukujonga izinto ezingaqhelekanga ekuhambeni kombane, ezifana ne-overcurrents okanye iisekethe ezimfutshane, kunye nokuhamba ngokuzenzekelayo ukukhusela imitha kunye nezixhobo ezixhunyiwe. Lo msebenzi wokukhusela osebenzayo uhamba ngaphaya kokutshintsha okulula, ukongeza umaleko wokhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka.
•Ubunakho bokuJonga amandla:Ngelixa imitha yobuchule ngokwayo isesona sixhobo somlinganiso wamandla osisiseko, ezinye iireyiyi ezihlakaniphile zisenokudibanisa ivaluementary yangoku okanye ivayiji yombane ukuze kubonelelwe ngedatha yasekhaya, kuphuculwe ngakumbi ukuqonda kwegridi yosasazo lwamandla.
•Uxilongo olukude kunye nokuziphilisa:Ezona relays ziphucukileyo zikwazi ukuzixilonga, zichonge iintsilelo ezinokubakho, kwaye zinxibelelane nale miba kwizinto eziluncedo, ziququzelele ugcino oluqikelelweyo kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokuphumla. Le ndlela isebenzayo yolondolozo sisiseko solawulo olukrelekrele lwegridi.
Kumxholo weemitha ezikrelekrele, ngelixa iireyilayi zemagnethi ziphucukile, "ubuchule" buhlala buvela kwiyunithi yolawulo eyongezelelweyo yemitha elungelelanisa isimilo sokuhanjiswa ngokusekwe kwimiqondiso engenayo kunye nengqiqo ecwangcisiweyo. I-relay isebenza njengengalo yokulawula eyomeleleyo, iqhuba ngokuthembekileyo imiyalelo ekhutshwe yi-intelligence edibeneyo yomitha. Uluhlu olubanzi lweMalio lweiireyidikwiimitha ezihlakaniphileyo ngumzekelo woku, ukusuka kumthamo ophezulu 120A ukwahluka ukuya kwizinto ezininziIMagnetic Latching Relays. Ezi zixhobo zenzelwe ukutshintshwa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokuqina okukhethekileyo, okukwazi ukunyamezela ukusebenza kombane kwe-100,000 kunye nokubonisa ukuchasana okuncinci koqhagamshelwano (0.6mΩ), ukuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kwamandla okusebenzayo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa okungafanelekanga.
Ukuthembeka kolu dluliselo kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuhanjiswa okungafanelekanga kunokukhokelela ekuphazamisekeni kwenkonzo, ekuhlawuleni iindleko ezingachanekanga, okanye nakwiingozi zokhuseleko. Ke ngoko, abavelisi abanjengoMalio bagxininisa uvavanyo olungqongqo kunye nezixhobo ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ezinje nge-AgSnO2 yabafowunelwa, eqinisekisa ukunganyangeki okuphantsi kunye nobomi obude bokusebenza. Iinkcukacha ezifunekayo, njengamandla aphezulu e-dielectric (AC4,000V phakathi kwekhoyili kunye nabafowunelwa) kunye noluhlu olubanzi lobushushu bokusebenza (-40 ℃ ukuya +85℃), ayibobuchwephesha nje; ziziimfuno ezisisiseko zokuqinisekisa ukuba la macandelo angabonakaliyo asebenza ngokugqibeleleyo iminyaka phakathi kweendawo ezahlukeneyo nezihlala zicela umngeni apho kusetyenziswa iimitha ezihlakaniphileyo.
Ngokwenyani, iireyidi zezona zinamandla, zibambekayo zokuphumeza imiyalelo yedijithali yemitha ehlakaniphile. Zizihlunu ezingaculwanga, ezingoomatshini emva kobuchopho bobukrelekrele begridi. Ngaphandle kwesenzo sabo esithembekileyo, uhlalutyo lwedatha oluphucukileyo kunye nobuchule bokunxibelelana beemitha ezihlakaniphile buya kuhlala buthiyori. Njengoko ihlabathi litshintshela kwiigridi zamandla ezikrelekrele ngakumbi, ezizinzileyo, kunye nezomelela ngakumbi, ukuhanjiswa kwamandla okuthobekileyo kodwa kunamandla kuya kuqhubeka nokudlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu, ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba komthungo kunye nobukrelekrele bamandla obutshisa ubomi bethu obudibeneyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-20-2025