Bafuputsi ba NTNU ba fana ka leseli mabapi le thepa ea makenete ka tekanyo e nyane ka ho etsa lifilimi ka thuso ea mahlaseli a X a khanyang haholo.
Erik Folven, motsamaisi-'moho oa sehlopha sa oxide electronics Lefapheng la NTNU la Litsamaiso tsa Elektroniki, le basebetsi-'moho le eena ba tsoang NTNU le Ghent University Belgium ba ile ba ikemisetsa ho bona hore na micromagnets ea filimi e tšesaane e fetoha joang ha e sitisoa ke matla a makenete a kantle. Mosebetsi ona, o tšehelitsoeng ka karolo e itseng ke NTNU Nano le Lekhotla la Lipatlisiso la Norway, o phatlalalitsoe koranteng ea Physical Review Research.
Limakenete tse nyane
Einar Standal Digernes o ile a qapa limakenete tse nyane tse sekwere tse sebedisitsweng ditekong.
Limakenete tse nyane tse sekwere, tse entsoeng ke mokhethoa oa NTNU Ph.D. Einar Standal Digernes, li bophara ba li-micrometer tse peli feela 'me li arotsoe ka libaka tse' nè tse tharo, e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e na le tataiso e fapaneng ea makenete e shebaneng le oache kapa e khahlanong le oache ho potoloha limakenete.
Linthong tse itseng tsa makenete, lihlopha tse nyane tsa liathomo li kopana hammoho libakeng tse bitsoang libaka, moo lielektrone tsohle li nang le tataiso e tšoanang ea makenete.
Ho limakenete tsa NTNU, libaka tsena li kopana ntlheng e bohareng—e leng khubu ea vortex—moo motsotso oa makenete o supang ka ho toba kapa ka ntle ho sefofane sa thepa.
“Ha re sebelisa matla a makenete, libaka tsena tse ngata li tla sheba ka lehlakoreng le le leng,” ho bolela Folven. “Li ka hola 'me tsa fokotseha, ebe lia kopana.”
Lielektrone li batla li le ka lebelo la khanya
Ho bona sena se etsahala ha ho bonolo. Bafuputsi ba ile ba isa di-micromagnet tsa bona ho synchrotron e bophara ba 80m e bōpehileng joaloka donut, e tsejoang e le BESSY II, Berlin, moo dielektrone di potlakiswang ho fihlela di tsamaya ka lebelo le batlang le lekana le la lesedi. Dielektrone tseo tse tsamayang ka potlako ebe di ntsha di-X-ray tse kganyang haholo.
“Re nka di-X-ray tsena mme re di sebedisa e le lesedi le ka hara microscope ya rona,” ho rialo Folven.
Hobane dielektrone di tsamaya ho potoloha synchrotron ka dihlopha tse arohaneng ka di-nanosecond tse pedi, di-X-ray tseo di di ntshang di tla ka di-pulse tse nepahetseng.
Microscope ea X-ray e fetisang lintho ka scanning, kapa STXM, e nka li-X-ray tseo ho etsa setšoantšo sa sebopeho sa makenete sa thepa. Ka ho kopanya litšoantšo tsena hammoho, bafuputsi ba ka etsa filimi e bontšang kamoo micromagnet e fetohang kateng ha nako e ntse e ea.
Ka thuso ea STXM, Folven le basebetsi-'moho le eena ba ile ba sitisa li-micromagnet tsa bona ka ho phatloha ha motlakase o hlahisang matla a makenete, 'me ba bona libaka li fetola sebopeho le khubu ea vortex e tloha bohareng.
“O na le makenete e nyane haholo, ebe o e phunya mme o leka ho e etsa setshwantsho ha e ntse e dula hape,” o rialo. Kamora moo, ba ile ba bona karolo e ka hare e kgutlela bohareng—empa e le tseleng e kobehileng, e seng mola o otlolohileng.
“E tla tantša hape bohareng,” ho bolela Folven.
Ho thella hanngoe feela 'me ho felile
Lebaka ke hobane ba ithuta thepa ea epitaxial, e entsoeng holim'a substrate e lumellang bafuputsi ho fetola litšobotsi tsa thepa, empa e tla thibela mahlaseli a X ho STXM.
Ba sebetsa ho NTNU NanoLab, bafuputsi ba rarollotse bothata ba substrate ka ho pata micromagnet ea bona tlas'a lera la khabone ho sireletsa thepa ea eona ea makenete.
Eaba ba tlosa substrate ka hloko le ka nepo ka mahlaseli a tobileng a li-ion tsa gallium ho fihlela ho setse lera le lesesaane haholo feela. Ts'ebetso e boima e ka nka lihora tse robeli sampole ka 'ngoe—'me ho theoha hanngoe feela ho ka baka koluoa.
“Ntho ea bohlokoa ke hore, haeba u bolaea makenete, re ke ke ra tseba seo pele re lula Berlin,” o re. “Leqheka, ehlile, ke ho tlisa sampole tse fetang e le 'ngoe.”
Ho tloha fisiks ea motheo ho ea ho lisebelisoa tsa nakong e tlang
Ka lehlohonolo e sebelitse, 'me sehlopha se sebelisitse lisampole tsa bona tse lokisitsoeng ka hloko ho bontša hore na libaka tsa micromagnet li hola le ho fokotseha joang ha nako e ntse e ea. Ba boetse ba entse li-simulation tsa khomphutha ho utloisisa hamolemo hore na ke matla afe a sebetsang.
Ntle le ho ntlafatsa tsebo ea rona ea fisiks ea motheo, ho utloisisa hore na makenete e sebetsa joang ka bolelele le nako ena ho ka thusa ho theheng lisebelisoa tsa nakong e tlang.
Matla a makenete a se a ntse a sebediswa bakeng sa polokelo ya data, empa bafuputsi ba ntse ba batla ditsela tsa ho a sebedisa ka ho eketsehileng. Ditsela tsa makenete tsa motheo wa vortex le dibaka tsa micromagnet, mohlala, mohlomong di ka sebediswa ho ngola tlhahisoleseding ka mokgwa wa 0 le 1s.
Bafuputsi jwale ba ikemiseditse ho pheta mosebetsi ona ka thepa e thibelang ferromagnetic, moo phello ya nnete ya dinako tsa makenete ka bomong e fellang teng. Tsena di a tshepisa ha ho tluwa tabeng ya dikhomphutha—ka kgopolo-taba, thepa e thibelang ferromagnetic e ka sebediswa ho etsa disebediswa tse hlokang matla a fokolang mme di dula di tsitsitse esita le ha matla a lahlehile—empa ho le thata haholo ho di batlisisa hobane matshwao ao di a hlahisang a tla fokola haholo.
Ho sa tsotellehe phephetso eo, Folven o na le tšepo. “Re koahetse sebaka sa pele ka ho bontša hore re ka etsa disampole le ho li sheba ka X-ray,” o re. “Mohato o latelang e tla ba ho bona hore na re ka etsa disampole tsa boleng bo holimo ka ho lekaneng ho fumana lets'oao le lekaneng ho tsoa thepa e khahlanong le ferromagnetic.”
Nako ea poso: Mots'eanong-10-2021