Nhau - Chii chinonzi Low Voltage Current Transformer uye Inoshanda Sei?

An instrument transformer inozivikanwa sealow voltage current transformer(CT) yakagadzirirwa kuyera yakakwira alternating ikozvino (AC) mukati medunhu. Chishandiso ichi chinoshanda nekugadzira yakaenzana uye yakachengeteka ikozvino mumhepo yayo yechipiri. Zviridzwa zvakajairika zvinogona kuyera zviri nyore izvi zvakaderedzwa zvazvino. Basa rekutanga re atransformer yazvinondiko kudzika pasi pakakwirira, mafungu ane ngozi. Iyo inovashandura kuita yakachengeteka, inogoneka mazinga akakwana ekutarisa, metering, uye system kuchengetedza.

Key Takeaways

A low voltagetransformer yazvino(CT) inoyera magetsi akakwirira zvakachengeteka. Inoshandura simba guru, rine ngozi kuva diki, rakachengeteka.
MaCTs anoshanda achishandisa pfungwa huru mbiri: magineti kugadzira magetsi uye yakakosha kuverenga waya. Izvi zvinovabatsira kuyera magetsi nemazvo.
Panemarudzi akasiyana eCTs, senge maronda, toroidal, uye mhando dzemabhawa. Rudzi rumwe norumwe runokodzera zvakasiyana zvinodiwa pakuyera magetsi.
Usambofa wakadzima waya dzechipiri dzeCT kana magetsi achiyerera. Izvi zvinogona kugadzira yakakwira zvakanyanya, ine njodzi voltage uye kukuvadza.
Kusarudza CT yakarurama kwakakosha pachiyero chakarurama uye kuchengeteka. Iyo CT isiriyo inogona kukonzera mabhiri asiri iwo kana kukuvara kwemidziyo.

Iyo Yakaderera Voltage Yazvino Transformer Inoshanda Sei?

Alow voltage current transformerinoshanda pamisimboti miviri yakakosha yefizikisi. Yekutanga ndeye electromagnetic induction, iyo inogadzira ikozvino. Chechipiri ireshiyo yekutendeuka, iyo inosarudza ukuru hweiyo ikozvino. Kunzwisisa pfungwa idzi kunoratidza nzira iyo CT inogona kuyera yakachengeteka uye nemazvo kuyera yakakwira mafungu.

Iyo Nheyo yeElectromagnetic Induction

Pakati payo, yakaderera voltage ikozvino transformer inoshanda zvichienderanaMutemo waFaraday weElectromagnetic Induction. Mutemo uyu unotsanangura kuti kuchinja kwemagineti kunogona kuumba sei magetsi mune kondakita ari pedyo. Iyo nzira inoitika mune yakatarwa kutevedzana:

Alternating current (AC) inoyerera nepakati pekutanga conductor kana mhepo. Iyi dunhu rekutanga rinotakura yakakwira ikozvino inoda kuyerwa.
Thekuyerera kweAC kunogadzira inogara ichichinja maginetikumativi conductor. Aferromagnetic musimbotimukati meCT vatungamiri uye inotarisa iyi magnetic field.
Iyi yakasiyana-siyana yemagineti inogadzira shanduko mune magineti flux, iyo inopfuura nepakati pechipiri mhepo.
Zvinoenderana neMutemo waFaraday, shanduko iyi mune magineti flux inokonzera voltage (electromotive force) uye, nekudaro, ikozvino mune yechipiri mhepo.

Cherechedza:Iyi nzira inoshanda chete nealternating current (AC). Iyo yakananga ikozvino (DC) inoburitsa isingachinji, isingachinji yemagineti. Pasina ashandukomune magnetic flux, hapana induction inoitika, uye transformer haizobudisi yechipiri ikozvino.

Basa Rematendero Ratio

The turns reshiyo ndiyo kiyi yekuti CT inodzika sei pasi yakakwira ikozvino kusvika padanho rinogoneka. Chiyero ichi chinofananidza huwandu hwewaya inotendeuka mumhepo yepakutanga (Np) nehuwandu hwekutendeuka kwechipiri chemhepo (Ns). Mune CT, iyo yechipiri mhepo inotenderera ine akawanda matenderedzwa kupfuura ekutanga mhepo.

Theikozvino mu windings iri inversely proportional kune matendeuko reshiyo. Izvi zvinoreva kuti anhamba yakakwirira yekutendeuka pamhepo yechipiri inoguma nezvino yakadzikira yechipiri ikozvino. Hukama uhu hunoteverabasic amp-turn equation yevanoshandura.

Iyo masvomhu fomula yehukama uhu ndeiyi:

Ap / Se = Ns / Np

Kupi:

Ap= Primary Current

As= Sekondari Yazvino

Np= Nhamba yePrimary Turns

Ns= Nhamba Yechipiri Chekutendeuka

Semuyenzaniso, CT ine chiyero che200:5A ine maturn reshiyo ye40:1 (200 yakakamurwa ne5). Iyi dhizaini inoburitsa yechipiri ikozvino iri 1/40 yeiyo yekutanga ikozvino. Kana iyo yekutanga ikozvino 200 amps, yechipiri ikozvino ichave yakachengeteka 5 amps.

Chiyero ichi chinokanganisawo kurongeka kweCT uye kugona kwayo kubata mutoro, unozivikanwa se "mutoro."Mutoro ndiwo wakazara impedance (kupokana)yemidziyo yemamita yakabatana kune yechipiri mhepo. Iyo CT inofanirwa kukwanisa kutsigira mutoro uyu pasina kurasikirwa kwayo yakatsanangurwa.Sezvinoratidzwa netafura iri pazasi, reshiyo dzakasiyana dzinogona kuva nemaresheni akasiyana.

Available Ratios	Kururama @ B0.1 / 60Hz (%)
100:5A	1.2
200:5A	0.3

Iyi data inoratidza kuti kusarudza CT ine chiyero chakakodzera chekuchinja kwakakosha pakuwana kuyerwa kwaunoda kune imwe application.

Zvikamu Zvikuru uye Marudzi Makuru

Yese Yakadzika Voltage Yazvino Transformer inogovera yakajairwa yemukati chimiro, asi akasiyana madhizaini aripo kune chaiwo zvinodiwa. Kunzwisisa core components ndiro danho rekutanga. Kubva ipapo, tinogona kuongorora mhando huru uye maitiro avo akasiyana. A Low Voltage Current Transformer inovakwa kubvazvikamu zvitatu zvinokoshazvinoshanda pamwe chete.

Core, Windings, uye Insulation

Kushanda kweCT kunoenderana nezvikamu zvitatu zvakakosha zvinoshanda mukuwirirana. Chikamu chimwe nechimwe chinoita basa rakasiyana uye rakakosha mukushanda kwetransformer.

Core:Siricon simbi musimboti inoumba iyo magineti nzira. Inotarisisa iyo magineti inogadzirwa neyekutanga ikozvino, ichiita kuti inyatso batanidza neyechipiri mhepo.
Mhepo:Iyo CT ine maseti maviri emhepo. Iyo yekutanga mhepo inotenderera inotakura yakakwira ikozvino yekuyerwa, nepo yechipiri mhepo ine mamwe matenderedzwa akawanda ewaya kuti ibudise yakatsikwa-pasi, yakachengeteka ikozvino.
Insulation:Nyaya iyi inoparadzanisa windings kubva pakati uye kubva kune mumwe. Iyo inodzivirira mapfupi emagetsi uye inovimbisa kuchengetedzwa uye hupenyu hurefu hwechigadzirwa.

Ronda Type

Ronda-mhando CT inosanganisira yekutanga mhepo inotenderedza imwe kana akawanda anotendeuka akaiswa zvachose pacore. Iyi dhizaini inozvimiririra. Iyo yepamusoro-yemazuva ano inobatana zvakananga kune zviteshi zveiyi yekutanga mhepo. Mainjiniya anoshandisa maronda-mhando maCTsmetering chaiyo uye kuchengetedza masisitimu emagetsi. Vanowanzosarudzirwahigh-voltage applications uko kurongeka uye kuvimbika kwakakosha.

Toroidal (Window) Type

Iyo toroidal kana "hwindo" mhando ndiyo yakajairika dhizaini. Iyo inoratidzira donut-yakaita core ine chete yechipiri mhepo yakaputirwa pairi. Iyo yekutanga conductor haisi chikamu cheCT pachayo. Panzvimbo iyoyo, tambo yepamusoro-yazvino kana bhasibar inopfuura nekuvhura kwepakati, kana "hwindo," ichiita senge-inotendeuka yekutanga mhepo.

Mabhenefiti Akakosha eToroidal CTs:Iyi dhizaini inopa akawanda mabhenefiti pamusoro pemamwe marudzi, anosanganisira:

Kubudirira kwepamusoro, kazhinji pakati95% uye 99%.

Imwe compact uye lightweight kuvaka.

Yakaderedzwa electromagnetic interference (EMI) yezvikamu zviri pedyo.

Kupururudza kwakaderera zvakanyanya, zvichikonzera kushanda kwakanyarara.

Bar-Type

Iyo bar-mhando yazvino transformer dhizaini yakasarudzika uko iyo yekutanga mhepo iri chikamu chakakosha chechishandiso pachacho. Rudzi urwu runosanganisira bhawa, rinowanzo gadzirwa nemhangura kana aluminium, inopfuura nepakati pepakati. Bhawa iri rinoita sesingle-turn primary conductor. Gungano rose rinogara mukati mebhokisi rakasimba, rakavharidzirwa, zvichiita kuti rive rakasimba uye rinozvimiririra.

Kuvakwa kwe-bar-type CT inotarisa kuvimbika nekuchengeteka, kunyanya mumagetsi ekugovera masimba. Zvinhu zvayo zvakakosha zvinosanganisira:

Primary Conductor:Chishandiso chine bhawa yakavharirwa zvizere iyo inoshanda seyekutanga mhepo. Iyi insulation, kazhinji kuumbwa kweresin kana bhakelized bepa chubhu, inodzivirira kubva kune yakakwira voltages.
Secondary Winding:Yechipiri inomonereka ine matenderedzwa akawanda ewaya inoputirwa nesimbi yakashongedzwa nesimbi. Iyi dhizaini inoderedza kurasikirwa kwemagineti uye inovimbisa shanduko chaiyo iripo.
Core:Iyo yakakosha inotungamira iyo magineti kubva kubhawa yekutanga kuenda kune yechipiri mhepo, ichigonesa iyo induction maitiro.

Kuiswa kwakanakira:Kubatsira kukuru kwebhari-mhando Yakaderera Voltage Yazvino Transformer ndiko kuisirwa kwayo kwakatwasuka. Yakagadzirirwa kukwirisa yakananga kumabhazi, iyo inorerutsa kuseta uye inoderedza zvingangoita wiring kukanganisa. Mamwe mamodheru anotoratidza asplit-core kana clamp-on kumisikidza. Izvi zvinobvumira ma technicians kuisa iyo CT kutenderedza bhazi riripo pasina kudzima magetsi, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kudzoreredza mapurojekiti.

Dhizaini yavo yakabatana uye yakasimba inovaita kuti vakwane zvakakwana kune dzakavharirwa uye dzinoda nharaunda dzinowanikwa mukati me switchgear uye magetsi ekugovera mapaneru.

Yakakosha Chengetedzo Yambiro: Usambofa Wakavhurika-Dunhu Sekondari

Mutemo wekutanga unotonga kubata kwakachengeteka kweazvino transformer. Technicians uye mainjiniya havafanire kubvumidza iyo yechipiri mhepo kuti ivhurwe-yakatenderedzwa apo ikozvino ichiyerera kuburikidza neyekutanga conductor. Iwo echipiri materminal anofanirwa kugara akabatana nemutoro (mutoro waro) kana kupfupika-kutenderera. Kuzvidza mutemo uyu kunogadzira mamiriro ane njodzi zvakanyanya.

The Golden Rule yeCTs:Gara uine shuwa kuti yechipiri dunhu rakavharwa usati wapa simba rekutanga. Kana iwe uchifanira kubvisa mita kana relay kubva kune inoshanda dunhu, pfupi-sekita masecondary terminals eCT.

Kunzwisisa fizikisi kuseri kweyambiro iyi kunoburitsa kuoma kwengozi. Mukushanda kwakajairika, yechipiri ikozvino inogadzira inopikisa-magnetic munda inopokana neyekutanga magineti. Kupikisa uku kunoita kuti magineti arambe ari mukati mepakati pakadzika, nhanho yakachengeteka.

Kana mushandisi anobvisa yechipiri kubva pamutoro wayo, dunhu rinova rakazaruka. Iyo yechipiri inotenderera ikozvino inoedza kutyaira ikozvino mune izvo zvinobudirira ankusingaperi impedance, kana kuramba. Chiito ichi chinoita kuti inopikisa magineti iparare. Iyo yekutanga magineti flux haichadzimwa, uye inokurumidza kuvaka mukati, ichityaira musimboti mukuzara kwakanyanya.

Izvi zvinoita kuti magetsi akwire zvine njodzi mumhepo yechipiri. Chiitiko chinoitika mumatanho akasiyana panguva yega yega AC kutenderera:

Iyo isingapikisirwe yekutanga ikozvino inogadzira yakakura magineti flux mukati, ichiita kuti izare.
Sezvo iyo AC yekutanga ikozvino inopfuura ne zero kaviri padenderedzwa, iyo magineti flux inofanira kukurumidza kuchinja kubva pakuzara mune imwe nzira kuenda kune saturation kune imwe nzira.
Iyi inokurumidza kukurumidza shanduko mune magineti flux inokonzera yakanyanya kukwira voltage spike mumhepo yechipiri.

Iyi induced voltage haisi yakadzikama yakakwirira voltage; inhevedzano yenhongonya dzakapinza kana kuti mikova. Aya ma spikes emagetsi anogona kusvika nyorezviuru zvakawanda zvevolts. Kugona kukuru kwakadaro kunopa njodzi dzakawanda dzakakomba.

Yakanyanya Shock Hazard:Kusangana kwakananga nemasekondari terminals kunogona kukonzera kuuraya kwemagetsi kuvhunduka.
Kuparadzana kweInsulation:Iyo yakakwira voltage inogona kuparadza iyo insulation mukati meiyo ino transformer, zvichiita kuti kukundikana zvachose.
Kuparara Kwezviridzwa:Chero michina yakabatana yekutarisisa isina kugadzirwa nekuda kwevoltage yakakwira zvakadaro ichakuvadzwa ipapo ipapo.
Arcing uye Moto:Iyo voltage inogona kuita kuti arc iumbe pakati pemateshi echipiri, ichiisa moto wakakosha uye njodzi yekuputika.

Kuti udzivise njodzi idzi, vashandi vanofanirwa kutevedzera nzira dzekuchengetedza dzakasimba kana vachishanda neLow Voltage Current Transformer.

Matanho Ekubata Kwakachengeteka:

Simbisa kuti Denderedzwa Ravharwa:Usati wasimbisa dunhu rekutanga, gara uchisimbisa kuti mhepo yechipiri yeCT yakabatana nemutoro wayo (mamita, relay) kana yakachengeteka ipfupi-inotenderera.

Shandisa Shorting Blocks:Kuiswa kwakawanda kunosanganisira materminal blocks ane akavakirwa-mukati mapfupi switch. Midziyo iyi inopa yakachengeteka uye yakavimbika nzira yekupfupisa yechipiri isati yasevhisi chero zvakabatana zviridzwa.

Pfupi Usati Wabvisa:Kana uchifanira kubvisa chiridzwa kubva kudunhu rine simba, shandisa jumper wire kupfupisa masecondary terminals eCT.pamberikudimbura chiridzwa.

Bvisa Ipfupi Mushure meKubatanidzazve:Bvisa chete shorting jumperpashurechiridzwa chacho chakanyatsobatanidzwa zvakare kudunhu rechipiri.

Kuomerera kune aya maprotocol hakusi sarudzo. Izvo zvakakosha pakuchengetedza vashandi, kudzivirira kukuvara kwemidziyo, uye kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza kwese kwemagetsi system.

Zvishandiso uye Sarudzo Mamiriro

Low voltage current transformers zvinhu zvinokosha mumagetsi emazuva ano. Zvishandiso zvavo zvinobva pakutarisisa kuri nyore kusvika kune yakakosha kuchengetedza system. Kusarudza iyo chaiyo CT yerimwe basa kwakakosha pakuita chokwadi, chengetedzo, uye kuvimbika.

Zvakajairwa Zvishandiso muCommerce uye Industrial Settings

Mainjiniya anoshandisa CTs zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzekutengesa uye maindasitiri ekutarisa magetsi uye manejimendi. Muzvivakwa zvekutengesa, masimba ekutarisa masisitimu anovimba neCTs kuyera yakakwirira alternating currents zvakachengeteka. Iyo yakakwira ikozvino inoyerera kuburikidza neyekutanga conductor, ichigadzira magnetic field. Iyi ndima inokonzera diki, yakaenzana ikozvino mumhepo yechipiri, iyo mita inogona kuverenga nyore. Iyi nzira inogonesa vatariri vezvivakwa kuti vatarise mashandisirwo emagetsi nenzira kwayo kune maapplication akadaizvekutengesa kWh mambure metering pa 120V kana 240V.

Nei Kusarudza Yakakodzera CT Zvinebasa

Kusarudza iyo CT chaiyo inobata zvakananga kurongeka kwemari uye kuchengetedzwa kwekushanda. Iyo isiriyo saizi kana yakayerwa CT inounza akakosha matambudziko.

⚠️Kurongeka Kunokanganisa Kubhadhara:A CT ine optimal operating range. Kushandisa payakaderera kana yakakwira mitoro inowedzera kuyerwa kukanganisa. Ankukanganisa kukanganisa kwe 0.5% chetezvinozoita kuti macalculations ekubhadharisa adzimurwe nemari imwe chete. Uyezve, kushanduka kwemakona kwechikamu kwakaunzwa neCT kunogona kukanganisa kuverenga kwesimba, kunyanya pazvinhu zvakaderera zvesimba, zvichitungamira kukuwedzera kusarongeka kwekubhadhara.

Kusarudzwa kusina kunaka kunokanganisawo kuchengeteka. Panguva yekukanganisa, aCT inogona kupinda saturation, kukanganisa chiratidzo chayo chekubuda. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kuti relay dzekudzivirira dzishande nenzira mbiri dzine njodzi:

Kutadza Kushanda:Iyo relay inogona kusaziva kukanganisa chaiko, ichibvumira dambudziko kuti riwedzere nekukuvadza michina.
Kufamba Kwenhema:Iyo relay inogona kududzira chiratidzo zvisirizvo uye kukonzeresa kudzimwa kwemagetsi kusingakoshi.

Yakajairika Ratings uye Mitemo

Yese Yakadzika Voltage Yazvino Transformer ine chaiyo ratings inotsanangura kuita kwayo. Zviyero zvakakosha zvinosanganisira reshiyo yekuchinja, kirasi yechokwadi, uye mutoro. Mutoro ndiwo mutoro wakakwana (impedance) yakabatanidzwa kune yechipiri, kusanganisira mamita, relays, uye waya pachayo. Iyo CT inofanirwa kukwanisa kugonesa mutoro uyu pasina kurasikirwa nemazvo.

Zviyero zvakajairwa zvinosiyana pamamita nekudzivirira (relaying) maapplication, sezvaratidzwa pazasi.

CT Type	Typical Specification	Burden Unit	Kuverenga Mutoro muOhms (5A Sekondari)
Kuyera CT	0.2 B 0.5	Ohms	0.5 ohm
Relaying CT	10 C400	Volts	4.0 ohm

A metering CT mutoro wakayerwa muohms, nepo relaying CT mutoro unotsanangurwa nevoltage yaanogona kuunza pamakumi maviri nguva yayo yakayerwa ikozvino. Izvi zvinovimbisa kuti relaying CT inogona kuita nemazvo pasi pemamiriro ekukanganisa.

A low voltage current transformer chinhu chakakosha chesimba system management. Inoyera zvakachengetedzeka kuchinjika mafungu emhepo nekudzika pasi kune yakaenzana, yakaderera kukosha. Kushanda kwechishandiso kunoenderana nemisimboti ye electromagnetic induction uye inotenderera inotendeuka reshiyo.

Zvinokosha Zvokutora:

Iyo yakanyanya kuomesesa chengetedzo mutemo kusambovhura yechipiri dunhu nepo yekutanga ichipihwa simba, sezvo izvi zvichigadzira njodzi yakakwira voltages.

Sarudzo chaiyo yakavakirwa pakushandisa, kurongeka, uye zviyero zvakakosha kune yakazara system kuchengetedza uye kuita.

FAQ

Ko CT inogona kushandiswa pane DC sedunhu?

Kwete, atransformer yazvinohaikwanise kushanda padunhu rakananga (DC). A CT inoda shanduko yemagineti inogadzirwa nealternating current (AC) kuti ikonzerese ikozvino mumhepo yayo yechipiri. A DC circuit inogadzira inogara iine magineti, iyo inodzivirira induction.

Chii chinoitika kana CT reshiyo isiriyo ikashandiswa?

Kushandisa iyo isiriyo CT reshiyo inotungamira kune yakakosha kuyerwa zvikanganiso uye zvinogona kuchengetedzwa nyaya.

Kubhadhara Kusina Kurongeka:Kuverenga kwekushandiswa kwesimba kuchave kusina kururama.
Kutadza Kudzivirira:Dziviriro inodzosera inogona kusashanda nemazvo panguva yekukanganisa, ichiisa njodzi kukuvara kwemidziyo.

Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pe metering uye relaying CT?

A metering CT inopa huchokwadi hwepamusoro pasi pezvakajairwa zvazvino mitoro yezvinangwa zvekubhadhara. A relaying CT yakagadzirirwa kugara yakarurama panguva yepamusoro-ikozvino kukanganisa mamiriro. Izvi zvinoita kuti michina yekudzivirira igamuchire chiratidzo chakavimbika chekufambisa dunhu uye kudzivirira kukuvara kwakapararira.

Nei dunhu rechipiri rakapfupikiswa kuitira kuchengetedza?

Kupfupisa yechipiri kunopa yakachengeteka, nzira yakakwana yeiyo induced current. Iyo yakavhurika yechipiri dunhu haina kwainoenda ikozvino. Ichi chiitiko chinoita kuti CT iite yakakwira zvakanyanya, ine njodzi voltages izvo zvinogona kukonzera kuuraya kuvhunduka uyeparadza transformer.

Nguva yekutumira: Nov-05-2025