Kuenzanisa Kunoshanda kweazvino Shanduko Yekuyera vs Dziviriro

Dziviriro CT KururamaKudzivirirwa CT kurongeka hakusi nezve kubhadharisa chaiko asi nezve fungidziro yekuita panguva yekukanganisa. Kurongeka kwayo kunotsanangurwa ne "composite kukanganisa" pane yakatsanangurwa yakawanda yayo yakayerwa ikozvino. A common protection class is5P10.Zita iri rinoparara sezvinotevera:

• 5: Iko kukanganisa kwemubatanidzwa hakuzopfuure 5% pachiyero chechokwadi.
• P: Tsamba iyi inoitsanangura seChidziviriro kirasi CT.
• 10: Iyi ndiyo Accuracy Limit Factor (ALF). Zvinoreva kuti CT ichachengetedza kurongeka kwayo kwakatsanangurwa kusvika kugumi nguva yayo yakatarwa yekutanga ikozvino.

Muchidimbu, 5P10 CT inovimbisa kuti kana yekutanga ikozvino yakapetwa kagumi chiyero chayo chenguva dzose, chiratidzo chinotumirwa kune relay chichiri mukati me5% yeukoshi hwakakodzera, kuve nechokwadi chekuti relay inoita sarudzo yerwendo chaiyo.

Mutoro uye VA Rating

Mutorondiwo huwandu hwemagetsi akabatanidzwa kune CT's yechipiri materminal, akayerwa neVolt-Amperes (VA) kana ohms (Ω). Yese mudziyo uye waya yakabatana neCT inobatsira kune iyi mutoro. Kupfuura CT's yakatemerwa mutoro kunodzikisira iko kurongeka kwayo.

Mutoro wose ndiwohuwandu hwema impedances ezvese zvikamumudunhu rechipiri:

• Iyo CT's own second winding resistance.
• Kupokana kwetambo dzekutungamira dzinobatanidza CT kune mudziyo.
• Iyo yemukati impedance yechinhu chakabatana (mita kana relay).

Kuverengera Mutoro Wese:Injiniya inogona kuverenga mutoro wese uchishandisa fomula:Total Burden (Ω) = CT Winding R (Ω) + Wire R (Ω) + Chishandiso Z (Ω)Semuyenzaniso, kana CT's second winding resistance is 0.08 Ω, waya dzekubatanidza dzine 0.3 Ω yekupokana, uye relay ine impedance ye 0.02 Ω, mutoro wese wedunhu i0.4 Ω. Ukoshi uhwu hunofanirwa kuve hushoma pane hwakayerwa mutoro weCT kuti ishande nemazvo.

Measurement CTs kazhinji ine yakaderera VA ratings (semuenzaniso, 2.5 VA, 5 VA) nekuti inobatanidza kune yakakwira-impedance, yakaderera-inoshandisa metering zvishandiso pazvinhambwe zvipfupi. Dziviriro CTs inoda yakakwira VA ratings (semuenzaniso, 15 VA, 30 VA) nekuti ivo vanofanirwa kupa simba rakakwana rekushandisa yakaderera-impedance, yepamusoro-yekushandisa macoil ekudzivirira relay, kazhinji pamusoro petambo refu inomhanya. Zvisizvo kuenzanisa chiyero chemutoro weCT kune chaiyo yedunhu mutoro ndiyo yakajairika sosi yekukanganisa mune zvese metering uye kudzivirira zvirongwa.

Kunzwisisa Knee Point Voltage

Iyo Knee Point Voltage (KPV) ndiyo yakakosha parameter inosarudzika kudzivirira maCTs. Inotsanangura muganho wepamusoro weiyo CT's inoshanda renji isati yatanga kuzara. Kukosha uku kwakakosha pakuita kuti relay yekudzivirira igamuchire chiratidzo chakavimbika panguva yekukanganisa kwepamusoro.

Mainjiniya anosarudza iyo KPV kubva kuCT's excitation curve, iyo inoronga yechipiri inonakidza voltage ichipokana neyechipiri inonakidza ikozvino. I "knee" ndiyo poindi iri pacurve iyo iyo core's magnetic properties inoshanduka zvinoshamisa.

TheIEEE C57.13 chiyeroinopa tsanangudzo chaiyo yechinhu ichi. Kune isina-gapped core CT, ibvi poindi ndipo panoita tangent kune curve inoita 45-degree angle ine horizontal axis. Kune gapped core CT, kona iyi i30 madhigirii. Iyi pfungwa chaiyo inoratidza kutanga kwekuzara.

Kana CT ikashanda pazasi pemabvi point voltage, musimboti wayo uri mumutsara wemagineti. Izvi zvinobvumira kuti inyatso kuburitsa iko kukanganisa ikozvino kune yakabatana relay. Nekudaro, kana iyo yechipiri voltage yadarika KPV, musimboti unopinda mukuzara. Saturation, inowanzofambiswa nehukuru hwe AC mafungu uye DC inobvisa panguva yekukanganisa, inokonzeresa iyo CT's.magnetizing impedance kudonha zvakanyanya. Iyo transformer haichakwanisi kuratidza yakatendeka ikozvino yekutanga kune yechipiri chikamu.

Hukama pakati peKPV nekuvimbika kwedziviriro kwakananga uye kwakakosha:

• Pasi pemabvi point:Iyo CT core inoshanda mutsetse. Inopa kumiririrwa kwakaringana kwekukanganisa ikozvino kune inodzivirira relay.
• Pamusoro pemabvi point:Iyo core inoguta. Izvi zvinotungamirira kukuwedzera kukuru kwemagnetizing ikozvino uye kusina-mutsara kushanda, zvichireva kuti CT haisisiri kuratidza zvakarurama kukanganisa kwechokwadi ikozvino.
• Relay Operation:Dziviriro relay dzinoda chiratidzo chechokwadi kuti ishande nemazvo. Kana CT ichizadza pamberi peiyo relay inogona kuita sarudzo, iyo relay inogona kutadza kuona mhosho yechokwadi ukuru, zvichiita kuti kunonoka rwendo kana kutadza zvachose kushanda.
• Kuchengetedzwa Kwehurongwa:Naizvozvo, iyo CT's knee point voltage inofanirwa kunge yakakwira zvakaringana kupfuura iyo yepamusoro yechipiri voltage inotarisirwa panguva yekukanganisa. Izvi zvinoita kuti relay igamuchire chiratidzo chakavimbika kuchengetedza michina inodhura.

Mainjiniya anoverenga iyo KPV inodiwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti CT inoramba isina unsaturated pasi peyakanyanya-mhosva mamiriro ezvinhu. Nzira yakareruka yekuverenga uku ndeiyi:

Inodiwa KPV ≥ Kana × (Rct + Rb)

Kupi:

• If= Maximum yechipiri kukanganisa ikozvino (Amps)
• Rct= CT yechipiri mhepo yekupokana (Ohms)
• Rb= Yakazara mutoro weiyo relay, wiring, uye zvinongedzo (Ohms)

Pakupedzisira, iyo Knee Point Voltage inoshanda sechiratidzo chekutanga chekudzivirira CT kugona kuita basa rayo rekuchengetedza pasi pekunetseka kwemagetsi kwakanyanya.

Decoding Current Transformer Nameplate Mazita

A Current Transformer nameplate ine compact kodhi inotsanangura kugona kwayo kuita. Iri zita realphanumeric mutauro mupfupi wemainjiniya, uchitsanangura chokwadi chechikamu, mashandisirwo, uye miganhu yekushandisa. Kunzwisisa makodhi aya kwakakosha pakusarudza mudziyo wakakodzera.

Kuturikira Chiyero cheCT Makirasi (semuenzaniso, 0.2, 0.5S, 1)

Measurement CT makirasi anotsanangurwa nenhamba inomiririra yakawandisa inotenderwa muzana kukanganisa payakayerwa ikozvino. Nhamba diki inoratidza mwero wepamusoro wekururama.

• Kirasi 1:Inokodzera general panel metering uko kurongeka kwepamusoro hakuna kukosha.
• Kirasi 0.5:Inoshandiswa kune zvekutengesa uye zveindasitiri zvekubhadharisa zvikumbiro.
• Kirasi 0.2:Inodiwa kune yakakwirira-chaiyo mari metering.

Mamwe makirasi anosanganisira vara 'S'. Mazita e'S' muIEC kuyerwa kweCT makirasi, akadai se0.2S uye 0.5S, anoratidza huchokwadi hwepamusoro. Uku kurongeka kunowanzo shandiswa mumitero yemamita kunyorera uko kuyerwa chaiko kwakakosha, kunyanya kumucheto kwepasi kwehuwandu hwazvino.

Kuturikira Dziviriro CT Makirasi (semuenzaniso, 5P10, 10P20)

Dziviriro CT makirasi anoshandisa matatu-chikamu kodhi inotsanangura maitiro avo panguva yekukanganisa. Muenzaniso wakajairika ndewe5P10.

Kuputsa iyo 5P10 Code:

• 5: Iyi nhamba yekutanga ndiyo yakakwira composite kukanganisa muchikamu (5%) pachiyero chechokwadi.
• P: Tsamba 'P' muchikamu senge 5P10 inomiririra 'Chikamu chekudzivirira'. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti CT inonyanya kugadzirirwa kuchengetedza relaying zvikumbiro pane kuyera chaiko.
• 10: Iyi nhamba yekupedzisira ndiyo Accuracy Limit Factor (ALF). Zvinoreva kuti CT ichachengetedza kurongeka kwayo kwakatarwa kusvika kune yazvino kukanganisa iyo iri 10 nguva yayo yezita reti.

Saizvozvowo, a10P20kirasi CT ine composite kukanganisa muganho we10% uye Accuracy Limit Factor ye20. Mune zita rakaita senge 10P20, iyo nhamba '20' inoratidza iyo yechokwadi muganho chinhu. Ichi chinhu chinoratidza kuti chikanganiso chemushanduri chicharamba chiri mukati memiganhu inogamuchirwa kana ikozvino iri 20 nguva dzayo dzakatarwa kukosha. Kugona uku kwakakosha pakuona kuti marelay ekudzivirira anoshanda nemazvo panguva dzakakomba dzenguva pfupi.

Chikumbiro Chekushandisa: Kufananidza iyo CT kune Basa

Kusarudza yakakodzera Current Transformer haisi nyaya yekuda asi chinodiwa chinorairwa nekushandisa. Chiyero cheCT chinopa iyo chaiyo inodiwa pakutengeserana kwemari, nepo CT yedziviriro ichiburitsa kuvimbika kunodiwa kuchengetedza asset. Kunzwisisa kwekushandisa mhando yega yega kwakakosha pakunzwika kwemagetsi system dhizaini uye kushanda.

Nguva Yokushandisa Chiyero CT

Mainjiniya anofanirwa kushandisa kuyerwa kweCT mune chero application uko kunyatso tevera mashandisirwo emagetsi ndicho chinangwa chekutanga. Midziyo iyi ndiyo hwaro hwekubhadharisa kwakaringana uye kutonga kwesimba. Dhizaini yavo inotungamira kurongeka kwepamusoro pasi peyakajairika mitoro mamiriro.

Zvishandiso zvakakosha zvekuyera maCTs zvinosanganisira:

• Revenue & Tariff Metering: Zvishandiso zvinoshandisa high-accuracy CTs (eg, Kirasi 0.2S, 0.5S) yekubhadhara pekugara, kutengeserana, uye maindasitiri vatengi. Kurongeka kwacho kunovimbisa kutengeserana kwemari kwakaringana uye kwakaringana.
• Energy Management Systems (EMS): Zvishandiso zvinoshandisa maCTs aya kutarisa mashandisirwo emagetsi mumadhipatimendi akasiyana kana zvidimbu zvemidziyo. Iyi data inobatsira kuona kusashanda uye kugadzirisa kushandiswa kwesimba.
• Power Quality Analysis: Masimba emhando analyzer anoda kwakaringana mapipu kuti aongorore nyaya senge harmonics uye voltage sags. Pazviyero izvi, kunyanya mumasisitimu emagetsi epakati, mhinduro yefrequency yeshanduro yechiridzwa yakakosha. Vaongorori vemazuva ano vangada data yakavimbikakusvika ku9 kHz, ichida frequency-optimized transformers kutora yakazara harmonic spectrum.

Cherechedza paSarudzo:Pakusarudza CT yemamita emagetsi kana analyzer, zvinhu zvakati wandei zvakakosha.

• Output Compatibility: Iko kubuda kweCT (semuenzaniso, 333mV, 5A) inofanira kuenderana nezvinodiwa zvemamita.
• Kukura Kwemutoro: Iyo CT's amperage range inofanirwa kuenderana nemutoro unotarisirwa kuchengetedza kurongeka.
• Physical Fit: Iyo CT inofanirwa kukwana mumuviri yakatenderedza conductor. Flexible Rogowski coils mhinduro inoshanda yemabhazi mahombe kana nzvimbo dzakasimba.
• Kururama: Pakubhadharisa, iko kurongeka kwe0.5% kana zvirinani ndiyo yakajairwa. Kuti utarise zvakazara, 1% inogona kukwana.

Nguva Yekushandisa Dziviriro CT

Mainjiniya anofanirwa kushandisa yekudzivirira CT pese pacho chinangwa chikuru chiri chekuchengetedza vashandi nemidziyo kubva kune yakawandisa uye kukanganisa. Aya maCT akagadzirirwa kuti arambe achishanda panguva dzezviitiko zvemagetsi zvakanyanya, zvichipa chiratidzo chakavimbika kune relay inodzivirira.

Zvikumbiro zvakajairika zvekudzivirira CTs zvinosanganisira:

• Overcurrent uye Earth Fault Protection: Aya maCTs anodyisa masaini kune relays (se ANSI Device 50/51) iyo inoona chikamu kana pasi kukanganisa. Iyo relay inozokwevera yedunhu kuparadzanisa kukanganisa. Mune yepakati-voltage switchgear, uchishandisa yakatsaurirwazero-sequence CTyekudzivirira pasi-pasi kazhinji inokurudzirwa pamusoro pekubatanidza kwasara kwematatu-phase CTs. Kubatana kwasara kunogona kutungamirira kune nzendo dzenhema nekuda kwekusaenzana kuzara panguva yekutanga mota kana kukanganisa kwechikamu.
• Differential Protection: Chirongwa ichi chinodzivirira zvinhu zvikuru sematransformer uye jenareta nekuenzanisa mafungu anopinda nekusiya nzvimbo yakachengetedzwa. Inoda akafananidzwa seti dzekudzivirira CTs.Mazuva ano dhijitari relayinogona kutsiva kwakasiyana CT yekubatanidza (Wye kana Delta) uye chikamu chekuchinja kuburikidza nesoftware marongero, ichipa kuchinjika kwakakosha muzvirongwa izvi zvakaoma.
• Dziviriro Kure: Inoshandiswa mumitsara yekutumira, chirongwa ichi chinotsamira pakudzivirira CTs kuyera impedance kune kukanganisa. CT saturation inogona kukanganisa kuyerwa uku, zvichiita kuti relay isafungisise nzvimbo yekukanganisa. Naizvozvo, iyo CT inofanirwa kugadzirwa kudzivirira saturation yenguva yekuyerwa.

Maererano ne ANSI C57.13, chiyero chekudzivirira CT chinofanira kumira kusvika20 nguvayakayerwa ikozvino panguva yekukanganisa. Izvi zvinoita kuti ikwanise kuendesa chiratidzo chinoshanda kune relay kana ichinyanya kukosha.

Mutengo Wakakwirira Wekusarudza Zvisizvo

Kushandisa rudzi rusina kunaka rweCT chikanganiso chakakomba chine mhedzisiro yakaoma. Misiyano yekushanda pakati pekuyera nekudzivirira CTs haishanduki, uye kusawirirana kunogona kutungamirira kumigumisiro ine ngozi uye inodhura.

• Kushandisa Measurement CT yekudzivirira: Uku ndiko kukanganisa kwakanyanya. Chiyero che CT chakagadzirirwa kuguta pane yakaderera overcurrents kuchengetedza mita. Panguva yekukanganisa kukuru, inozadza kanenge ipapo. Iyo yakazara CT ichakundikana kubereka yakakwira kukanganisa ikozvino, uye inodzivirira relay haizoone hukuru hwechokwadi hwechiitiko. Izvi zvinogona kutungamira kune kunonoka rwendo kana kutadza zvachose kushanda, zvichikonzera njodzi yekukuvadzwa kwemidziyo, moto, uye njodzi kune vashandi. Semuyenzaniso, CT saturation inogona kukonzera inoshandura mutsauko wekudzivirira kuendesa kunemaloperate, zvichitungamirira kurwendo rusingadiwi panguva yekukanganisa kwekunze.
• Kushandisa Dziviriro CT yekuyera: Sarudzo iyi inotungamira kune kusarongeka kwemari. Dziviriro CT haina kugadzirwa kuti inyatso kurongeka pamazuva ekushanda. Kirasi yaro yechokwadi (semuenzaniso, 5P10) inovimbisa kuita kwepamusoro kuwanda kwechiyero chayo, kwete pamucheto wakaderera wechiyero umo masisitimu mazhinji anoshanda. Kuishandisa pakubhadharisa kwaizofanana nekuyera tsanga yejecha nechiyereso. Mabhiri emagetsi anozokonzeresa angave asina kurongeka, zvichizokonzera kurasikirwa kwemari yekushandisa kana kubhadharisa mutengi.

Chiitiko Chakanyanya Kukundikana:Muzvirongwa zvekudzivirira kure, CT saturation inokonzera relay kuyera ayakakwirira impedancekupfuura kukosha chaiko. Izvi zvinonyatso kupfupisa kusvika kwekudzivirira kwerelay. Mhosva inofanira kucheneswa pakarepo inogona kuonekwa semhosva iri kure, zvichikonzera kunonoka rwendo. Kunonoka uku kunowedzera kushushikana pahurongwa hwemagetsi uye kunowedzera mukana wekukuvadza kwakapararira.

Pakupedzisira, mutengo weiyo isiriyo CT kusarudzwa inoenda kure kupfuura mutengo wechikamu pachayo. Inoratidza mukuparadzwa kwemidziyo, nguva yekushanda, marekodhi emari asina kururama, uye kuchengetedzwa kwakakanganiswa.

Imwe CT Inogona Kushanda Zvese Kuyera uye Dziviriro?

Nepo kuyerwa nekudzivirira maCT ane magadzirirwo akasiyana, mainjiniya dzimwe nguva anoda mudziyo mumwechete kuita mabasa ese. Ichi chinodiwa chakatungamira mukugadzirwa kweakasarudzika maviri-chinangwa matransformer, asi anouya neakananga kutengeserana-offs.

Iyo Dual-Chinangwa (Kirasi X) CT

Chikamu chakakosha, chinozivikanwa seKirasi X kana PS Kirasi Yazvino Transformer, inogona kushanda ese ari maviri ekuyera uye ekudzivirira mabasa. Aya maturusi haatsanangurwe nemakirasi akajairwa echokwadi se5P10. Pane kudaro, kuita kwavo kunotsanangurwa neseti yezviyero zvakakosha izvo mainjiniya anoshandisa kuratidza kukodzera kwavo kune chaiyo kuchengetedza chirongwa.

Zvinoenderana neIEC zviyero, kuita kweKirasi X CT kunotsanangurwa ne:

• Rated primary current
• Inotendeuka reshiyo
• Knee point voltage (KPV)
• Magnetizing ikozvino pane yakataurwa voltage
• Sekondari mamhepo kupikisa pa75°C

Aya maitiro anobvumira chishandiso kuti chipe kurongeka kwepamusoro kwe metering pasi pemamiriro akajairwa uku ichipawo fungidziro yemabvi point voltage yekuvimbika relay kushanda panguva yekukanganisa. Iwo anowanzo shandiswa mune yakakwirira-impedance mutsauko wekudzivirira zvirongwa uko kuita kunofanirwa kunyatsozivikanwa.

Zvishandiso Zvinogumira uye Kutengeserana

Kunyangwe kuvepo kweKirasi X CTs, kushandisa mudziyo mumwe chete kuyerwa nekudzivirira kunowanzo dziviswa. Mabasa maviri aya ane zvinopikisana zvakanyanya zvinodiwa.

Chiyero cheCT chakagadzirirwa kuzara nekukurumidza kuchengetedza masevhisi metres. Akudzivirira CT yakagadzirwakuramba saturation kuona kuti relay inogona kuona kukanganisa. Iyo mbiri-chinangwa CT inofanirwa kukanganisa pakati peizvi zviviri zvinopokana zvinangwa.

Izvi zvinoreva kuti mbiri-chinangwa CT inogona kusaita chero basa pamwe neyakazvitsaurira unit. Iyo yakagadzirwa inova yakaoma uye inodhura. Kune akawanda maapplication, kuisa maviri akaparadzana, akasarudzika maCTs-imwe yemita uye imwe yekudzivirira-ndiyo yakavimbika uye inodhura mhinduro. Iyi nzira inovimbisa kuti zvese zviri zviviribilling systemuye hurongwa hwekuchengetedza hunoshanda pasina kukanganisa.

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Sarudzo pakatikuyerwa uye kudzivirira CTsisarudzo yakajeka-yakajeka yakavakirwa pane zvakakosha zvekushanda. Imwe inopa chokwadi chekubhadhara, nepo imwe ichivimbisa kuvimbika panguva yekukanganisa. Kusarudza iyo chaiyo mhando haigone kutaurirana kune kuchengetedzwa kwehurongwa, huchokwadi hwemari, uye hupenyu hurefu hwemidziyo. Mainjiniya anofanirwa kugara achiyambuka-referensi iyo CT yakatarwa nezvinodiwa zvemudziyo wakabatana.

Achekupedzisira chekuongorora chekuongororazvinosanganisira:

1. Sarudza Primary Current: Matanidza chiyero che CT kune yakakura mutoro.
2. Verenga Mutoro: Pfupisa mutoro wezvose zvakabatana zvikamu.
3. Chengetedza Kirasi Yechokwadi: Sarudza iyo kirasi chaiyo yekuyera kana kudzivirira.

FAQ

Chii chinoitika kana dunhu rechipiri reCT rikasara rakavhurika?

Iyo yakavhurika yechipiri dunhu inogadzira ine njodzi yakakwirira voltage. Iyo yekutanga ikozvino inova magnetizing ikozvino, inozadza iyo musimboti. Ichi chirwere chinogona kuparadza CT uye chinoisa njodzi yekuvhunduka.

Chengetedzo Kutanga:Gara uchipfupisa materminals echipiri usati wabvisa chero chiridzwa kubva kudunhu.

Mainjiniya vanosarudza sei chiyero chakakodzera cheCT?

Mainjiniya vanosarudza chiyero apo iyo system yakajairika yakanyanya ikozvino iri padyo neiyo CT yekutanga rating. Iyi sarudzo inoita kuti CT ishande mukati mehuwandu hwayo hwechokwadi. Semuenzaniso, mutoro we90A unoshanda zvakanaka ne100: 5A CT.

Sei kuyerwa kweCT kusina kuchengetedzwa?

Chiyero cheCT chinozadza nekukurumidza panguva yekukanganisa. Iyo haigone kutaurira chokwadi chinokanganisa ikozvino kune inodzivirira relay. Iyo relay inozotadza kutsika chinotyora, zvichitungamira mukuparadzwa kwemidziyo uye njodzi dzakakomba dzekuchengetedza.

Imwe CT inogona kushanda zvese metering nekudzivirira?

Special Kirasi X CTs inogona kushanda ese mabasa, asi dhizaini yavo ndeyekukanganisa. Nekuchengetedzeka kwakaringana uye nekurongeka, mainjiniya anowanzo kuisa maviri akapatsanurwa, maCT akazvipira-imwe yekuyera uye imwe yekudzivirira.