Dukurikije ihame ry’imikorere y’ikimenyetso cy’ingufu, gishobora kugabanywamo module 8, module y’ingufu, module yo kwerekana, module yo kubika, module yo gupima, module yo gupima, module yo gutumanaho, module yo kugenzura, module yo gutunganya MUC. Buri module ikora inshingano zayo binyuze muri module yo gutunganya MCU kugira ngo ihuzwe kandi ihuzwe, ifatanye muri module yose.
1. Module y'ingufu z'imashini ipima ingufu
Module y'ingufu ya power metter ni ikigo cy'ingufu kigenzura imikorere isanzwe ya power metter. Akazi kanini ka module y'ingufu ni uguhindura voltage nyinshi ya AC 220V mu amashanyarazi ya DC12\DC5V\DC3.3V, itanga ingufu zikora kuri chip n'igikoresho cy'izindi module za power metter. Hari ubwoko butatu bwa module z'ingufu zikunze gukoreshwa: transformers, resistance-capacitance step-down, na switching power supplies.
Ubwoko bwa Transformateur: Ingufu za AC 220 zihindurwamo AC12V binyuze muri transformateur, kandi urugero rw'amashanyarazi akenewe rugerwaho mu gukosora, kugabanya voltage no kugenzura voltage. Ingufu nke, gutuza cyane, kwivanga byoroshye kwa electromagnetic.
Ingufu zikoreshwa mu gupima no kugabanya ingufu ni urujya n'uruza rukoresha uburyo bwa capacitor bukorwa na capacitor munsi y'umuvuduko runaka w'ikimenyetso cya AC kugira ngo rugabanye umuvuduko ntarengwa w'amashanyarazi. Ingano nto, igiciro gito, ingufu nke, ikoreshwa ry'ingufu nyinshi.
Gutanga amashanyarazi hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bikoresha ikoranabuhanga (nk'ibikoresha transistors, transistors za MOS, thyristors zishobora kugenzurwa, nibindi), binyuze mu buryo bwo kugenzura, kugira ngo ibikoresho bikoresha ikoranabuhanga bizime buri gihe, bityo ibikoresho bikoresha ikoranabuhanga bizime, bityo amashanyarazi akoreshwa mu ikoranabuhanga ahindure voltage yinjiye, kugira ngo voltage ihindurwe kandi ikoreshwe mu buryo bwikora, kandi imikorere yo kugenzura amashanyarazi yikora. Ingufu nke zikoreshwa, ingano nto, ingano nini y'amashanyarazi, ubwinshi bw'amashanyarazi, igiciro kinini.
Mu guteza imbere no gushushanya ibipimo by'ingufu, hakurikijwe ibisabwa ku mikorere y'ibicuruzwa, ingano y'ikizamini, ibisabwa mu kugenzura ikiguzi, ibisabwa muri politiki y'igihugu n'iy'akarere kugira ngo hamenyekane ubwoko bw'amashanyarazi atangwa.
2. Module yo kwerekana ibipimo by'ingufu
Module yo kwerekana ibipimo by'ingufu ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gusoma ikoreshwa ry'ingufu, kandi hari ubwoko bwinshi bwo kwerekana harimo umuyoboro wa digitale, counter, normalLCD, dot matrix LCD, LCD yo gukoraho, nibindi. Uburyo bubiri bwo kwerekana bwa digital tube na counter bushobora gukoresha amashanyarazi rimwe gusa, hamwe n’iterambere rya smart grid, ubwoko bwinshi bwa electrometre zipima amashanyarazi burakenewe kugira ngo hagaragazwe amakuru y’ingufu, digital tube na counter ntibishobora guhuza n’imikorere y’ingufu z’ubwenge. LCD ni uburyo bw’ibanze bwo kwerekana muri electrometre y’ingufu iriho ubu, hakurikijwe uburyo bw’ibikubiye mu kwerekana mu iterambere n’igishushanyo mbonera bizahitamo ubwoko butandukanye bwa LCD.
3. Uburyo bwo kubika ibipimo by'ingufu
Uburyo bwo kubika ibipimo by'ingufu bukoreshwa mu kubika ibipimo by'ibipimo, amashanyarazi, n'amakuru y'amateka. Ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa mu kubika ni chip ya EEP, ferroelectric, chip ya flash, ubwo bwoko butatu bwa chip ya memory bufite porogaramu zitandukanye muri meter y'ingufu. flash ni ubwoko bwa flash memory bubika amakuru amwe n'amwe y'igihe gito, amakuru yo gushyiramo load curve, na paki zo kuvugurura porogaramu.
EEPROM ni ububiko bushobora guhindurwa gusa bushobora guhindurwa, butuma abakoresha bashobora gusiba no kongera gukoresha amakuru yabitswemo haba kuri igikoresho cyangwa binyuze mu gikoresho cyabugenewe, bigatuma EEPROM iba ingirakamaro mu bihe aho amakuru agomba guhindurwa no kuvugururwa kenshi. EEPROM ishobora kubikwa inshuro miliyoni imwe kandi ikoreshwa mu kubika amakuru y'ingufu nk'ingano y'amashanyarazi muri meter y'ingufu. Igihe cyo kubika gishobora kuzuza ibisabwa mu gihe cyo kubika meter y'ingufu mu gihe cyose cy'ubuzima, kandi igiciro ni gito.
Chip ya Ferroelectric ikoresha imiterere y'ibikoresho bya Ferroelectric kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu buryo bwihuse kandi budakoresha ingufu nyinshi, ikoreshwe neza kandi yizewe, ikoreshwe neza, ikoreshwe mu buryo bw'ubwenge, ikoreshwe mu buryo bwa miliyari 1; Amakuru ntazashira nyuma y'ibura ry'amashanyarazi, ibyo bigatuma ibyuma bya Ferroelectric bifite ububiko bwinshi, umuvuduko wihuta, kandi bikoresha ingufu nke. Chip ya Ferroelectric ikoreshwa cyane mu bipimo by'ingufu kugira ngo ibike amashanyarazi n'andi makuru y'ingufu, igiciro kiri hejuru, kandi ikoreshwa gusa mu bicuruzwa bigomba kuba bifite ibisabwa mu kubika amagambo menshi.
4, module yo gupima ingufu
Uburyo bwo gupima bwa metero ya wati bufite inshingano zo guhindura ikimenyetso kinini cy'amashanyarazi n'ikimenyetso kinini cy'amashanyarazi mu kimenyetso gito cy'amashanyarazi n'ikimenyetso gito cy'amashanyarazi kugira ngo byorohereze kubona metero ya wati. Ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa mu gupima nishunt, transformateur y'amashanyarazi, Roche coil, nibindi, gupima voltage ubusanzwe bikoresha ubwiyongere bw’ubudahangarwa bw’ibice bya voltage.
5, module yo gupima ingufu
Inshingano nyamukuru ya module yo gupima metero ni ukuzuza uburyo bwo gupima umuvuduko wa analog n'amashanyarazi, no guhindura analog muri digitale; Ishobora kugabanywamo module yo gupima igice kimwe n'igice cya gatatu.
6. Module y'itumanaho ry'ibipimo by'ingufu
Uburyo bwo gutumanaho bw’ingufu ni bwo shingiro ryo kohereza amakuru no kuyakoresha, ni bwo shingiro ry’amakuru agezweho, ubwenge, imicungire myiza ya siyansi, n’ishingiro ry’iterambere rya interineti y’ibintu kugira ngo hagerwe ku mikoranire hagati y’abantu na mudasobwa. Mu bihe byashize, kubura uburyo bwo gutumanaho ahanini ni infrared, RS485, hamwe n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga ryo gutumanaho, ikoranabuhanga rya interineti y’ibintu, guhitamo uburyo bwo gutumanaho bw’ingufu bwabaye bwinshi, PLC, RF, RS485, LoRa, Zigbee, GPRS, NB-IoT, nibindi. Dukurikije uburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha hamwe n’ibyiza n’ibibi bya buri buryo bwo gutumanaho, uburyo bwo gutumanaho bukwiriye isoko buratoranywa.
7. Module yo kugenzura ingano y'amashanyarazi
Moduli yo kugenzura amashanyarazi ishobora kugenzura no gucunga neza umutwaro w'amashanyarazi. Uburyo busanzwe ni ugushyira relay ifite magnetic holding muri relay y'amashanyarazi. Binyuze mu makuru y'amashanyarazi, gahunda yo kugenzura n'amabwiriza yo mu gihe nyacyo, umutwaro w'amashanyarazi ucungwa kandi ukagenzurwa. Imirimo isanzwe muri relay y'ingufu igaragara muri relay ikoresha umuriro mwinshi n'umutwaro mwinshi kugira ngo igenzure umutwaro n'uburinzi bw'umurongo; Kugenzura igihe hakurikijwe igihe kugeza ku ngufu ku buyobozi; Mu kazi karishyuwe mbere, inguzanyo ntihagije kugira ngo relay igenzurwe; Igikorwa cyo kugenzura kure kigerwaho no kohereza amabwiriza mu gihe nyacyo.
8, module yo gutunganya icyuma gipima ingufu cya MCU
Module yo gutunganya MCU ya watt-hour meter ni ubwonko bwa watt-hour meter, ibarura ubwoko bwose bw'amakuru, igahindura kandi igashyira mu bikorwa amabwiriza yose, kandi igahuza buri module kugira ngo igere ku musaruro.
Igipimo cy'ingufu ni ikintu cy’ikoranabuhanga gikoreshwa mu gupima, gihuza amashami menshi y’ikoranabuhanga, ikoranabuhanga ry’ingufu, ikoranabuhanga ryo gupima ingufu, ikoranabuhanga ry’itumanaho, ikoranabuhanga ryo kwerekana, ikoranabuhanga ryo kubika amakuru n’ibindi. Ni ngombwa guhuza buri module ikora na buri koranabuhanga ry’ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo habeho ikintu cyose cyuzuye kugira ngo habeho igipimo cy’amasaha ya watt gihamye, cyizewe kandi gifatika.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-28-2024