Malinga ndi mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya mita yamagetsi, imatha kugawidwa m'magawo 8, gawo lamagetsi, gawo lowonetsera, gawo losungira, gawo la zitsanzo, gawo loyezera, gawo lolumikizirana, gawo lowongolera, gawo lokonza MUC. Gawo lililonse limagwira ntchito zake ndi gawo lokonza MCU kuti liphatikize bwino komanso mogwirizana, ndikumamatira mu chinthu chonsecho.
1. Gawo la mphamvu la mita ya mphamvu
Gawo lamagetsi la choyezera magetsi ndiye malo ogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu kuti chiyezera magetsi chizigwira ntchito bwino. Ntchito yayikulu ya gawo lamagetsi ndikusintha mphamvu yamagetsi ya AC 220V kukhala mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi ya DC12\DC5V\DC3.3V, yomwe imapereka mphamvu yogwirira ntchito ya chip ndi chipangizo cha ma module ena a choyezera magetsi. Pali mitundu itatu ya ma module amagetsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri: ma transformer, resistance-capacitance step-down, ndi switching power supplies.
Mtundu wa Transformer: Mphamvu yamagetsi ya AC 220 imasinthidwa kukhala AC12V kudzera mu transformer, ndipo kuchuluka kwa magetsi ofunikira kumafikiridwa pokonza, kuchepetsa magetsi ndi kulamulira magetsi. Mphamvu yochepa, kukhazikika kwakukulu, kusokoneza mosavuta magetsi.
Mphamvu yamagetsi yotsika-yotsika yokana-kukana ndi dera lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito capacitor reaction yopangidwa ndi capacitor pansi pa ma frequency enaake a AC kuti lichepetse mphamvu yayikulu yogwirira ntchito. Kukula kochepa, mtengo wotsika, mphamvu yochepa, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri.
Mphamvu yosinthira magetsi imachitika kudzera mu zida zamagetsi zosinthira zamagetsi (monga ma transistors, ma transistors a MOS, ma thyristors olamulirika, ndi zina zotero), kudzera mu dera lowongolera, kotero kuti zida zamagetsi zosinthira zamagetsi nthawi ndi nthawi "zimayatsa" ndi "zimazimitsa", kotero kuti zida zamagetsi zosinthira zamagetsi zimasinthasintha modulation ya voltage yolowera, kuti zikwaniritse kusintha kwa voltage ndi kutulutsa magetsi zitha kusinthidwa ndi ntchito yowongolera voltage yokha. Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kochepa, kukula kochepa, kuchuluka kwa voltage, kusokoneza ma frequency ambiri, mtengo wokwera.
Pakupanga ndi kupanga magetsi, malinga ndi zofunikira pa ntchito ya chinthu, kukula kwa chikwamacho, zofunikira pakuwongolera ndalama, zofunikira pa mfundo za dziko ndi madera kuti mudziwe mtundu wa magetsi.
2. Gawo lowonetsera mita yamagetsi
Gawo lowonetsera la mita yamagetsi limagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka powerengera mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo pali mitundu yambiri ya zowonetsera kuphatikizapo chubu cha digito, kauntala, wambaLCD, dot matrix LCD, touch LCD, ndi zina zotero. Njira ziwiri zowonetsera za chubu cha digito ndi kauntala zimatha kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi owonetsera kamodzi kokha, ndi chitukuko cha gridi yanzeru, mitundu yambiri ya magetsi amafunika kuti awonetse deta yamagetsi, chubu cha digito ndi kauntala sizingakwaniritse njira ya mphamvu yanzeru. LCD ndiye njira yowonetsera yayikulu mu mita yamagetsi yomwe ilipo, malinga ndi zovuta za zomwe zikuwonetsedwa mu kapangidwe ndi kapangidwe kake, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya LCD imasankhidwa.
3. Gawo losungira mita yamagetsi
Gawo losungiramo mita yamagetsi limagwiritsidwa ntchito kusungira magawo a mita, magetsi, ndi deta yakale. Zipangizo zosungiramo zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi EEP chip, ferroelectric, flash chip, mitundu itatu iyi ya ma memory chips ili ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana mu energy meter. Flash ndi mtundu wa flash memory womwe umasunga deta yakanthawi, deta yokhotakhota, ndi mapulogalamu okweza mapulogalamu.
EEPROM ndi chikumbutso chongowerengedwa chokha chomwe chingathe kufufutidwa chomwe chimalola ogwiritsa ntchito kufufuta ndikukonzanso zambiri zomwe zasungidwa mmenemo kaya pa chipangizocho kapena kudzera mu chipangizo chodzipereka, zomwe zimapangitsa EEPROM kukhala yothandiza pazochitika pomwe deta ikufunika kusinthidwa ndi kusinthidwa pafupipafupi. EEPROM imatha kusungidwa nthawi miliyoni imodzi ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga deta yamagetsi monga kuchuluka kwa magetsi mu mita yamagetsi. Nthawi yosungira imatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira za nthawi yosungira ya mita yamagetsi m'moyo wonse, ndipo mtengo wake ndi wotsika.
Chip ya Ferroelectric imagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a zinthu za ferroelectric kuti igwire ntchito mwachangu, pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa, kusungira deta modalirika komanso kugwira ntchito mwanzeru, nthawi yosungira ya 1 biliyoni; Deta sidzachotsedwa mphamvu ikatha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma chip a ferroelectric akhale ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu kosungira, kuthamanga mwachangu, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa. Ma chip a Ferroelectric amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu ma energy mita kuti asunge magetsi ndi zina zamagetsi, mtengo wake ndi wapamwamba, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zomwe zimafunika kukhala ndi zofunikira zosungira mawu pafupipafupi.
4, gawo la zitsanzo za mita yamagetsi
Gawo la zitsanzo la mita ya watt-hour limayang'anira kusintha chizindikiro champhamvu chamagetsi ndi chizindikiro champhamvu chamagetsi kukhala chizindikiro champhamvu chamagetsi ndi chizindikiro champhamvu chamagetsi kuti chithandize kupeza mita ya watt-hour. Zipangizo zoyesera zitsanzo zamagetsi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi izishunt, chosinthira magetsi, Roche coil, ndi zina zotero, kusanthula kwa voliyumu nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsa ntchito kusanthula kwa voliyumu yocheperako yotsutsa kwambiri.
5, gawo loyezera mita yamagetsi
Ntchito yaikulu ya gawo loyezera mita ndikumaliza kupeza mphamvu yamagetsi ndi magetsi, ndikusintha analogi kukhala ya digito; Itha kugawidwa m'magulu oyezera gawo limodzi ndi magawo atatu.
6. Gawo lolumikizirana la mita yamagetsi
Gawo lolumikizirana la mita yamagetsi ndiye maziko a kutumiza deta ndi kuyanjana kwa deta, maziko a deta yanzeru ya gridi, luntha, kasamalidwe kabwino ka sayansi, ndi maziko a chitukuko cha intaneti ya Zinthu kuti zikwaniritse kuyanjana kwa anthu ndi makompyuta. Kale, kusowa kwa njira yolumikizirana makamaka kumakhala kwa infrared, kulumikizana kwa RS485, ndi chitukuko cha ukadaulo wolumikizirana, ukadaulo wa intaneti ya Zinthu, kusankha njira yolumikizirana ya mita yamagetsi kwakhala kwakukulu, PLC, RF, RS485, LoRa, Zigbee, GPRS, NB-IoT, ndi zina zotero. Malinga ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsira ntchito komanso zabwino ndi zoyipa za njira iliyonse yolumikizirana, njira yolumikizirana yoyenera kufunikira kwa msika imasankhidwa.
7. Gawo lowongolera mita yamagetsi
Gawo lowongolera mita yamagetsi limatha kuwongolera ndikuwongolera katundu wamagetsi moyenera. Njira yodziwika bwino ndikuyika relay yokhala ndi maginito mkati mwa mita yamagetsi. Kudzera mu data yamagetsi, dongosolo lowongolera ndi lamulo la nthawi yeniyeni, katundu wamagetsi amayendetsedwa ndikuwongoleredwa. Ntchito zodziwika bwino mu mita yamagetsi zimakhala mu relay yolumikizira mphamvu zambiri komanso yodzaza kwambiri kuti zithetsere kuwongolera katundu ndi chitetezo cha mzere; Kuwongolera nthawi malinga ndi nthawi yomwe mphamvu imayikidwa pakuwongolera; Mu ntchito yolipirira kale, ngongole siyokwanira kuletsa relay; Ntchito yowongolera kutali imachitika potumiza malamulo nthawi yeniyeni.
8, gawo la processing la MCU la mita yamagetsi
Gawo lokonza la MCU la mita ya watt-hour ndi ubongo wa mita ya watt-hour, yomwe imawerengera mitundu yonse ya deta, kusintha ndikutsatira mitundu yonse ya malangizo, ndikugwirizanitsa gawo lililonse kuti likwaniritse ntchitoyo.
Chiyeso cha mphamvu ndi chinthu chovuta kwambiri choyezera zamagetsi, chomwe chimagwirizanitsa magawo angapo a ukadaulo wamagetsi, ukadaulo wamagetsi, ukadaulo woyezera mphamvu, ukadaulo wolumikizirana, ukadaulo wowonetsera, ukadaulo wosungira ndi zina zotero. Ndikofunikira kuphatikiza gawo lililonse logwira ntchito ndi ukadaulo uliwonse wamagetsi kuti apange chinthu chonse kuti apange mita yokhazikika, yodalirika komanso yolondola ya watt-hour.
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-28-2024