Ofufuza ochokera ku NTNU akuwunikira zinthu zamaginito pamlingo wochepa popanga makanema pogwiritsa ntchito ma X-ray owala kwambiri.
Erik Folven, mkulu wa gulu la zamagetsi la oxide ku Dipatimenti ya Machitidwe a Zamagetsi ya NTNU, ndi anzake ochokera ku NTNU ndi Ghent University ku Belgium adapita kukawona momwe ma micromagnets a thin-film amasinthira akasokonezedwa ndi mphamvu ya maginito yakunja. Ntchitoyi, yomwe idathandizidwa pang'ono ndi NTNU Nano ndi Research Council of Norway, idasindikizidwa mu magazini ya Physical Review Research.
Maginito ang'onoang'ono
Einar Standal Digernes adapanga maginito ang'onoang'ono ozungulira omwe adagwiritsidwa ntchito muzoyeserazi.
Maginito ang'onoang'ono ozungulira, opangidwa ndi NTNU Ph.D. candidate Einar Standal Digernes, ndi a maikromita awiri okha m'lifupi ndipo amagawidwa m'magawo anayi amakona atatu, lililonse lili ndi mawonekedwe osiyana a maginito omwe akuyang'ana mozungulira kapena motsutsana ndi wotchi kuzungulira maginito.
Mu zinthu zina zamaginito, magulu ang'onoang'ono a maatomu amasonkhana pamodzi m'malo otchedwa madera, momwe ma elekitironi onse ali ndi njira yofanana yamaginito.
Mu maginito a NTNU, madera awa amakumana pamalo apakati—pakati pa vortex—kumene mphindi ya maginito imaloza mwachindunji mkati kapena kunja kwa ndege ya zinthuzo.
“Tikagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya maginito, madera ambiriwa adzaloza mbali imodzi,” akutero Folven. “Akhoza kukula ndipo amatha kuchepa, kenako amatha kugwirizana.”
Ma electron pafupifupi pa liwiro la kuwala
Kuona izi zikuchitika sikophweka. Ofufuzawo adatenga ma micromagnet awo kupita ku synchrotron yooneka ngati donut ya 80m m'lifupi, yotchedwa BESSY II, ku Berlin, komwe ma electron amafulumizitsidwa mpaka akuyenda pafupifupi liwiro la kuwala. Ma electron oyenda mwachangu amenewo amatulutsa ma X-ray owala kwambiri.
“Timatenga ma X-ray awa ndikuwagwiritsa ntchito ngati kuwala mu maikulosikopu yathu,” akutero Folven.
Chifukwa ma elekitironi amayendayenda mozungulira synchrotron m'magulu olekanitsidwa ndi nanoseconds ziwiri, ma X-ray omwe amatulutsa amabwera mu pulses yolondola.
Maikulosi ojambulira a X-ray, kapena STXM, amatenga ma X-ray amenewo kuti apange chithunzithunzi cha kapangidwe ka maginito ka chinthucho. Mwa kusoka zithunzizi pamodzi, ofufuzawo amatha kupanga kanema wosonyeza momwe maginito amasinthira pakapita nthawi.
Mothandizidwa ndi STXM, Folven ndi anzake adasokoneza ma micromagnet awo ndi kugunda kwa mphamvu yamagetsi komwe kumapanga mphamvu ya maginito, ndipo adawona madera akusintha mawonekedwe ndi vortex core ikusuntha kuchokera pakati.
“Muli ndi maginito ang'onoang'ono kwambiri, kenako mumayibowola ndikuyesera kuijambula pamene ikukhazikikanso,” iye akutero. Pambuyo pake, adawona pakati pake pakubwerera pakati—koma m'njira yokhotakhota, osati mzere wowongoka.
"Idzavina ngati kuti yabwerera pakati," akutero Folven.
Kutsetsereka kamodzi ndipo kwatha
Izi zili choncho chifukwa amaphunzira zinthu za epitaxial, zomwe zimapangidwa pamwamba pa substrate zomwe zimathandiza ofufuza kusintha mawonekedwe a zinthuzo, koma zimalepheretsa ma X-ray mu STXM.
Pogwira ntchito mu NTNU NanoLab, ofufuzawo adathetsa vutoli mwa kubisa micromagnet yawo pansi pa mpweya kuti ateteze mphamvu zake zamaginito.
Kenako anadula mosamala komanso molondola gawo lapansi ndi kuwala kolunjika kwa ma ayoni a gallium mpaka kungotsala gawo lochepa kwambiri. Ntchito yovutayi ingatenge maola asanu ndi atatu pa chitsanzo chilichonse—ndipo kulephera kamodzi kokha kungapangitse ngozi.
"Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti, ngati mupha mphamvu ya maginito, sitidzadziwa zimenezo tisanakhale ku Berlin," akutero iye. "Chinsinsi chake ndi chakuti, ndithudi, tibweretse zitsanzo zoposa chimodzi."
Kuchokera ku sayansi yoyambira mpaka ku zipangizo zamtsogolo
Mwamwayi zinagwira ntchito, ndipo gululo linagwiritsa ntchito zitsanzo zawo zokonzedwa bwino kuti liwonetse momwe ma domain a micromagnet amakulira ndikuchepa pakapita nthawi. Anapanganso ma simulation apakompyuta kuti amvetse bwino mphamvu zomwe zikugwira ntchito.
Kupatula kupititsa patsogolo chidziwitso chathu cha sayansi yoyambira, kumvetsetsa momwe mphamvu ya maginito imagwirira ntchito pamlingo uwu komanso nthawi kungathandize popanga zida zamtsogolo.
Magnetism imagwiritsidwa ntchito kale posungira deta, koma ofufuza pakadali pano akufunafuna njira zowonjezerera izi. Mayendedwe a maginito a vortex core ndi domains a micromagnet, mwachitsanzo, angagwiritsidwe ntchito kulemba zambiri mu mawonekedwe a 0s ndi 1s.
Ofufuzawa tsopano akufuna kubwereza ntchitoyi ndi zinthu zotsutsana ndi ferromagnetic, komwe zotsatira zake zonse za nthawi ya maginito zimalephera. Izi zikulonjeza pankhani ya makompyuta—m'malingaliro, zinthu zotsutsana ndi ferromagnetic zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zipangizo zomwe zimafuna mphamvu zochepa komanso kukhalabe zokhazikika ngakhale mphamvu itatayika—koma zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuzifufuza chifukwa zizindikiro zomwe zimapanga zidzakhala zofooka kwambiri.
Ngakhale kuti pali vuto limenelo, Folven ali ndi chiyembekezo. "Takambirana za malo oyamba mwa kusonyeza kuti tingathe kupanga zitsanzo ndi kuziyang'ana ndi X-ray," akutero. "Gawo lotsatira lidzakhala kuona ngati tingathe kupanga zitsanzo zapamwamba mokwanira kuti tipeze chizindikiro chokwanira kuchokera ku chinthu chotsutsana ndi ferromagnetic."
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-10-2021