Kei te whakamārama ngā kairangahau o NTNU i ngā rauemi aukume i ngā tauine iti mā te hanga kiriata me te awhina o ētahi hihi-X tino kanapa.
I whai a Erik Folven, te kaiwhakahaere tahi o te rōpū hiko waikura i te Tari Pūnaha Hiko o NTNU, me ōna hoa mahi mai i NTNU me te Whare Wānanga o Ghent i Belgium ki te tirotiro i te āhua o te hurihanga o ngā aukume kiriata angiangi ina whakakorikoria e te papa aukume o waho. I whakaputaina te mahi, i utua e NTNU Nano me te Kaunihera Rangahau o Norway, i roto i te puka Physical Review Research.
Ngā aukume iti
Nā Einar Standal Digernes i hanga ngā aukume tapawhā iti i whakamahia i roto i ngā whakamātautau.
Ko ngā aukume tapawhā ririki, i hangaia e te kaitono PhD NTNU, a Einar Standal Digernes, he rua maikiromita noa te whānui, ā, e wehea ana kia whā ngā rohe tapatoru, he rerekē te aronga aukume o ia aukume e tohu ana ki te taha matau, ki te taha maui rānei i te taha o ngā aukume.
I roto i ētahi rauemi aukume, ka huihui ngā rōpū iti o ngā ngota ki ngā wāhi e kiia nei ko ngā rohe, ā, he ōrite te takotoranga aukume o ngā irahiko katoa.
I roto i ngā aukume NTNU, ka tūtaki ēnei rohe ki tētahi pūwāhi pokapū—te uho vortex—te wāhi e tohu tika ana te nekehanga aukume ki roto, ki waho rānei i te papa o te rauemi.
"Ina whakamahia e tātou he papa aukume, ka piki haere te maha o ēnei rohe e tohu ana ki te huarahi kotahi," te kī a Folven. "Ka taea e rātou te tipu, ka taea hoki e rātou te whakaiti, kātahi ka taea e rātou te hanumi tetahi ki tetahi."
Ngā irahiko tata ki te tere o te mārama
Ehara i te mea ngāwari te kite i tēnei e tupu ana. I haria e ngā kairangahau ā rātou aukume iti ki tētahi synchrotron āhua-tōnati 80m te whānui, e mōhiotia ana ko BESSY II, i Berlin, ka whakaterea ngā irahiko kia tere haere rā anō i te tere o te mārama. Kātahi ka tukuna e aua irahiko tere te kanapa o ngā hihi-X.
"Ka tangohia e mātou ēnei hihi-X ka whakamahia hei mārama i roto i tā mātou karu hiko," te kī a Folven.
Nā te mea ka haereere ngā irahiko huri noa i te synchrotron i roto i ngā paihere e wehea ana e ngā nanohekona e rua, ka puta mai ngā hihi-X e tukuna ana e rātou i roto i ngā pātere tika tonu.
Ka tangohia aua hihi-X e te karu hiko matawai, STXM rānei, hei hanga i tētahi whakaahua o te hanganga aukume o te rauemi. Mā te tuitui i ēnei whakaahua, ka taea e ngā kairangahau te hanga i tētahi kiriata e whakaatu ana i te huringa o te aukume iti i roto i te wā.
Mā te āwhina o te STXM, ka whakakorikori a Folven mā i ā rātou aukume iti ki te pā o te iahiko i puta ai he papa aukume, ā, ka kite i te hurihanga o te āhua o ngā rohe me te nekenga o te matua vortex mai i te pokapū.
"He aukume iti rawa tāu, kātahi ka werohia, ka ngana ki te whakaahua i a ia e tau ana anō," tana kī. Muri iho, ka kite rātou i te uho e hoki ana ki waenganui—engari i te ara piko, ehara i te rārangi tika.
"Ka kanikani anō ki waenganui," te kī a Folven.
Kotahi te paheke, kua mutu
Nā te mea e ako ana rātou i ngā rauemi epitaxial, e hangaia ana i runga i tētahi papa e āhei ai ngā kairangahau ki te whakarerekē i ngā āhuatanga o te rauemi, engari ka ārai i ngā hihi-X i roto i te STXM.
I roto i te NTNU NanoLab, i whakatauhia e ngā kairangahau te raruraru o te papa mā te tanu i tā rātou aukume iti ki raro i tētahi paparanga waro hei tiaki i ōna āhuatanga aukume.
Kātahi ka āta tapahia e rātou te papa i raro iho me te whakamahi i tētahi hihi arotahi o ngā katote kariuma kia tae rā anō ki tētahi paparanga angiangi rawa e toe ana. E waru hāora pea te roa o te tukanga uaua mō ia tauira—ā, kotahi noa te hapa ka arahi pea ki te aituā.
"Ko te mea nui, ki te whakakorea e koe te aukume, e kore mātou e mōhio ki tēnā i mua i tō mātou noho ki Berlin," tana kī. "Ko te mahi tinihanga, ko te kawe mai i te neke atu i te kotahi tauira."
Mai i te ahupūngao taketake ki ngā taputapu o muri mai
He waimarie i pai te mahi, ā, i whakamahia e te tīma ā rātou tauira i ata whakaritea hei tuhi i te tipu me te whakaiti o ngā rohe o te aukume iti i roto i te wā. I hangaia hoki e rātou he whakatauira rorohiko kia pai ake ai te mārama ki ngā kaha e mahi ana.
Haunga te whakawhānui ake i tō tātou mōhiotanga ki te ahupūngao taketake, ko te mārama ki te mahi a te aukume i ēnei tauine roa me te wā ka whai hua pea ki te hanga i ngā taputapu o muri mai.
Kua whakamahia kētia te aukume mō te rokiroki raraunga, engari kei te rapu huarahi ngā kairangahau i tēnei wā hei whakamahi anō i tēnei. Hei tauira, ko ngā aronga aukume o te matua vortex me ngā rohe o te micromagnet ka taea te whakamahi hei whakakōwae i ngā mōhiohio i te āhua o te 0 me te 1.
Kei te whai ngā kairangahau inaianei ki te mahi anō i tēnei mahi me ngā rauemi anti-ferromagnetic, ka whakakorea te pānga whānui o ngā aukume takitahi. He mea whai hua ēnei ina tae mai ki te rorohiko—i roto i te ariā, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā rauemi anti-ferromagnetic hei hanga taputapu e iti ana te kaha e hiahiatia ana, ā, ka noho pumau ahakoa ka ngaro te hiko—engari he uaua ake te rangahau nā te mea ka ngoikore ake ngā tohu e whakaputaina ana e rātou.
Ahakoa taua wero, kei te tino hihiri a Folven. "Kua hipokina e mātou te huarahi tuatahi mā te whakaatu ka taea e mātou te hanga tauira me te tirotiro i roto i aua tauira mā te whakamahi i ngā hihi-X," tana kī. "Ko te mahi e whai ake nei ko te tirotiro mēnā ka taea e mātou te hanga tauira he kounga teitei hei whiwhi tohu nui mai i tētahi rauemi anti-ferromagnetic."
Te wā tuku: Mei-10-2021